Detection of Antibacterial Residues in Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.) in the Shatt Al-Arab river, Southern Iraq

Abstract

The presence of Antibacterial in the aquatic environment is a major concern because of the effect of Antibacterial on water quality, aquatic organisms and human health. The current study aims to detect Antibacterial (Amoxicillin, Ciprofloxacin, and Levofloxacin) seasonally in water, sediments, muscles and liver of Nile tilapia fish during the period from November 2020 to August 2021 in two selected stations in Shatt Al-Arab, Basrah, Iraq. The samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), High concentrations of the antibiotic Ciprofloxacin (CIP) were recorded in each of the water, sediment and fish muscle samples during the spring season at the second station, reaching the 24.9 mg l1-, 24.5 mg. kg1-, 7.4 mg. kg1-, respectively, while the high concentration of Amoxicillin )AMO( Antibacterial was 4.1 mg.kg-1 in liver of fish in spring season in the second station. The presence of Antibacterial in the aquatic environment in such high concentrations is a source of great concern. The study recommends conducting more studies to measure Antibacterial contamination in other areas of the Shatt al-Arab and the Iraqi marshes.

Assessment and Assay Comparison for Detection of Antimicrobial Residues in Freshwater Aquaculture Fish in Erbil Governorate, Iraq

“…Previous research studies have established a clear link between the presence of ARs in fish and concerns about risks to public health and the environment [ 39 , 40 ]. In Iraq, there is a general lack of clarity regarding enforced policies and regulations concerning antibiotic usage in farm animals and freshwater fish aquaculture; however, there are a few studies that have directly and specifically investigated ARs in various food and food products, including fish, poultry, sheep and cow milk and raw beef in Iraq [ 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Influence of Thyme Oil Nano-Encapsulated Chitosan on Productivity, Growth Performance, and Meat Quality of Japanese Quails

“…The global trend to replace the use of antibiotics as growth promoters with safe feed additives in the industry has led researchers to conduct a massive exploration into utilizing natural substance-based additives. Essential oils (EO), have volatile properties derived from plant materials by mainly steam distillation method [1]. The advantageous effects of EO are associated with their role on many metabolic pathways, including lipid metabolism, stimulating digestive enzyme secretion and activity, acting as an antimicrobial, and enhancing gut integrity of chickens [2] leading to improve broiler performance in general.…”