Detection of astrovirus in the faeces of red deer

Tzipori, Saul; Menzies, J D; Gray, E. W.

doi:10.1136/vr.108.13.286

Cited by 49 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Several reports showed that astroviruses are present worldwide and represent the second most important cause of gastroenteritis in children, after rotaviruses (Herrmann et al, 1991;Matsui et al, 2001;Moser and Schultz-Cherry 2005;De Benedictis et al, 2011). Astroviruses have also been identified in several animal species, such as cats, swine, sheep, minks, cheetahs, sea lions, bottlenose dolphins, red deer, dogs, rodents and bats (Woode and Bridger, 1978;Snodgrass et al, 1979;Gray et al, 1980;Williams, 1980;Tzipori et al, 1981;Bridger et al, 1984;Shirai et al, 1985;Woode et al, 1985;Harbour et al, 1987;Marshall et al, 1987;Vieler and Herbst, 1995;Englund et al, 2002;Lukashov and Goudsmit, 2002;Zhu et al, 2009;Blomström et al, 2010;Chu et al, 2010;Reuter et al, 2011;Tse et al, 2011). Recently, new astroviruses (MBL1 and VA1) have been identified in humans with diarrhea (Finkbeiner et al, 2008;2009a;2009b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new bat astroviruses detected in Gabon, Central Africa

Rougeron¹,

Suquet²,

Gd³

et al. 2016

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Summary. -Astroviruses are emerging RNA viruses that cause enteropathogenic infections in humans and in other mammals. The identification of astroviruses in a wide range of animals highlights the zoonotic importance of these viruses. Bats can harbor many different viruses, among which some are highly pathogenic for humans (for instance, Nipah, Ebola and SARS coronavirus), and also several astroviruses. As some RNA viruses can be directly transmitted from bats to humans, it is crucial to collect data about their frequency, genetic diversity and phylogenetic characterization. In this study, we report the molecular identification of 44 new astroviruses (with a detection rate of 4.5%) in 962 apparently healthy bats that belong to five different species and that were captured in different caves in North-East Gabon, Central Africa. Our results show that bat astroviruses form a group that is genetically distinct from astroviruses infecting other mammals. Moreover, these astroviruses showed an important genetic diversity and low host restriction in bat species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new bat astroviruses detected in Gabon, Central Africa

Rougeron¹,

Suquet²,

Gd³

et al. 2016

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“…Astroviruses infecting mammals are genetically distinguishable from those infecting birds, and two genera have been created to distinguish these viruses taxonomically: Mamastrovirus for mammalian astroviruses and Avastrovirus for avian astroviruses (International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses database, ICTVdB http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ICTVdb/ICTVdB/). Astrovirus infections have been associated mainly with enteric syndromes in humans, particularly in children and in young animals [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10], but cases of extraintestinal infections have also been described as being associated with lesions and/or clinical signs in humans [11], minks [12], ducks [9] and chickens [13]. Focusing on avastroviruses, infection with duck astrovirus (DAstV), originally known as duck hepatitis virus type 2 (DHV-2), is associated with fatal hepatitis in ducklings both in Europe and in China [9,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of astroviruses detected in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) reveals a distinct genotype and suggests cross-species transmission between turkey and guinea fowl

et al. 2012

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Astroviruses can infect mammalian and avian species and are often responsible for gastroenteric disease symptoms. In this study, the complete open reading frame (ORF) 2, the 3' end of ORF1b and the corresponding intergenic region of astroviruses identified in farmed guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) were sequenced and genetically analysed. Overall, the genetic sequence of guinea fowl astroviruses was related to turkey astrovirus type 2 (TastV2), although a marked genetic distance was revealed based on ORF2, which might indicate the circulation of a distinct virus genotype and serotype in guinea fowl. Furthermore, the genetic data presented herein suggest that either recombination between different astroviruses infecting distinct hosts or adaptation of a given astrovirus to a new host had occurred. In either case, direct or indirect interspecies transmission of astroviruses is likely to have occurred between turkey and guinea fowl, indicating the ability of viruses belonging to the family Astroviridae to cross species barriers.

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“…Astroviruses are an important cause of acute infantile gastroenteritis in humans (Madeley & Cosgrove, 1975) and have been shown to infect sheep (Snodgrass & Gray, 1977), cattle (Woode & Bridger, 1978), dog (Williams, 1980), domestic cat (Hoshino et al, 1981), red deer (Tzipori et al, 1981), duck (Gough et al, 1984), mouse (Kjeldsberg & Hem, 1985), turkey (McNulty et al, 1980) and pig (Shimizu et al, 1990), causing various syndromes, ranging from mild diarrhoea in lambs (Snodgrass et al, 1979) and poult enteritis and mortality syndrome in turkeys (Yu et al, 2000) to acute nephritis in chickens (Imada et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of a novel astrovirus associated with disease in mink

Mittelholzer

Hedlund

Englund

et al. 2003

Journal of General Virology

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Pre-weaning diarrhoea is a well-known problem in mink farming in Europe, causing morbidity that varies between farms, regions and season. Different causalities for the disease have been proposed, but only most recently has a novel astrovirus been identified as an important risk factor. In this report, the molecular characterization, origin and evolution of this novel astrovirus of mink are discussed. The polyadenylated, positive-stranded RNA genome was sequenced and found to contain 6610 nt, organized into three ORFs and two short UTRs. A ribosomal frameshift sequence links the 59 two ORFs, containing sequence motifs for a serine protease (ORF1a) and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (ORF1b). The structural proteins are encoded by ORF2 and, presumably, are expressed as a polyprotein precursor to be cleaved into the mature capsid proteins. These results indicate that mink astrovirus (MiAstV) has all of the features typical of members of the Astroviridae. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that MiAstV is distantly related to established astroviruses, showing less than 67 % similarity at the nucleotide level with its closest relative, ovine astrovirus, and even lower identities at the predicted amino acid level. Nevertheless, sequence analysis of MiAstV isolates from geographically distinct Swedish and Danish farms showed much less diversity. This suggests either the spread in the mink population of a virus that has evolved a long time ago or the recent introduction of an ancient virus into a new host species. INTRODUCTIONFor several decades, a pre-weaning diarrhoea syndrome with unknown aetiology has been observed in mink farms in Europe. Numerous investigations studying the causality of this clinical syndrome have been conducted and various agents have been discussed as possible causes, but only recently did a case-controlled study reveal the presence of an astrovirus as a significant risk factor (Englund et al., 2002).Astroviruses were named by Madeley & Cosgrove (1975) after their star-like appearance in electron microscopy; the name astrovirus comes from 'astron', which means star in Greek. Astroviruses are an important cause of acute infantile gastroenteritis in humans (Madeley & Cosgrove, 1975) and have been shown to infect sheep (Snodgrass & Gray, 1977), cattle (Woode & Bridger, 1978), dog (Williams, 1980), domestic cat (Hoshino et al., 1981), red deer (Tzipori et al., 1981), duck (Gough et al., 1984), mouse (Kjeldsberg & Hem, 1985), turkey (McNulty et al., 1980) and pig (Shimizu et al., 1990), causing various syndromes, ranging from mild diarrhoea in lambs (Snodgrass et al., 1979) and poult enteritis and mortality syndrome in turkeys (Yu et al., 2000) to acute nephritis in chickens (Imada et al., 2000).The genome of astroviruses consists of a positive-stranded, polyadenylated RNA, which is about 7 kb long and contains three ORFs, designated ORF1a, ORF1b and ORF2 (Monroe et al., 1995). Whereas the latter encodes the capsid protein(s), ORF1a and 1b encode the nonstructural proteins involved in replication. All ast...

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Detection of astrovirus in the faeces of red deer

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new bat astroviruses detected in Gabon, Central Africa

Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of new bat astroviruses detected in Gabon, Central Africa

Genetic characterization of astroviruses detected in guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) reveals a distinct genotype and suggests cross-species transmission between turkey and guinea fowl

Molecular characterization of a novel astrovirus associated with disease in mink

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