Detection of asymptomatic fungal microorganisms in Pinus radiata tissue culture material

Ganley, Rebecca J.; Hargreaves, Cathy; Donaldson, Lloyd

doi:10.1186/s40490-015-0042-y

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…Further trade and movement of plant material within regions can contribute to the local spread of these damaging agents. The most likely pathway for Dothistroma species is the movement of infected plants, especially as infected plants can appear symptomless for months before symptom development occurs (Ganley, Hargreaves, & Donaldson, ; Millberg et al., ). The increase in the trade of live plants is, therefore, a likely contributing factor to the observed increase in the incidence and impact of DNB.…”

Section: Impact Of the Environment Other Fungal Species And Anthropomentioning

confidence: 99%

Global geographic distribution and host range of Dothistroma species: a comprehensive review

et al. 2016

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Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is one of the most important diseases of pine. Although its notoriety stems from Southern Hemisphere epidemics in Pinus radiata plantations, the disease has increased in prevalence and severity in areas of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, during the last two decades. This increase has largely been attributed to expanded planting of susceptible hosts, anthropogenic dispersal of the causative pathogens and changes in climate conducive to disease development. The last comprehensive review of DNB was published in 2004, with updates on geographic distribution and host species in 2009. Importantly, the recognition that two species, Dothistroma septosporum and D. pini, cause DNB emerged only relatively recently in 2004. These two species are morphologically very similar, and DNA-based techniques are needed to distinguish between them. Consequently, many records of host species affected or geographic location of DNB prior to 2004 are inconclusive or even misleading. The objectives of this review were (i) to provide a new database in which detailed records of DNB from 62 countries are collated; (ii) to chart the current global distribution of D. septosporum and D. pini; (iii) to list all known host species and to consider their susceptibility globally; (iv) to collate Drenkhan et al. 410 |

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Section: Impact Of the Environment Other Fungal Species And Anthropomentioning

confidence: 99%

Global geographic distribution and host range of Dothistroma species: a comprehensive review

et al. 2016

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Which Cyclaneusma minus morphotypes are responsible for needle cast of Pinus spp. in Slovakia?

Ondruskova,

Kobza,

Janosikova

et al. 2024

J Plant Dis Prot

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Cyclaneusma needle cast (CNC) is a needle disease which caused deterioration of vitality and reduction in the growth of pines. The disease is caused by the ascomycetous fungus Cyclaneusma minus, which has two well-described morphotypes; C. minus simile and C. minus verum. The distribution and host range of C. minus simile and verum was determined from needle samples and isolates collected throughout Slovakia from 2014 to 2020. Samples from 111 localities, 11 pine host species and 245 trees collected in different types of planting were analysed. It was found, that both morphotypes are present, but C. minus verum is predominantly responsible for CNC in urban and forest plantings in Slovakia. C. minus verum was positively detected in more than 88% of collected samples, whereas C. minus simile was only in four samples from three localities. Morphotype-specific primers were sufficiently sensitive even for new pine-host species. The host range of C. minus simile and C. minus verum was enriched worldwide. C. minus verum was observed in nine host species, whereas C. minus simile was identified only in one. Cyclaneusma niveum was also recorded and its presence was confirmed through DNA sequencing.

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Molecular tools for differentiating Cyclaneusma minus morphotypes and assessing their distribution in Pinus radiata forests in New Zealand

Hunter

Glen

McDougal

2016

N.Z. j. of For. Sci.

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Background: Cyclaneusma needle cast (CNC) is a pine disease caused by the ascomycetous fungus Cyclaneusma minus (Butin) DiCosmo, Peredo and Minter. The pathogen occurs worldwide but is of particular significance in New Zealand where it infects Pinus radiata D. Don plantations. There are two morphological types of C. minus, termed C. minus 'simile' and C. minus 'verum', recently shown by multigene phylogenetic analysis to belong to distinct clades and therefore proposed to be two separate species. It is currently unknown whether one or both of these molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) are responsible for CNC. Methods: In this study, DNA analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was carried out on 120 isolates of C. minus collected in New Zealand since 1969 to distinguish C. minus simile from C. minus verum. Specific primers for C. minus simile and C. minus verum were developed for molecular differentiation from pure cultures and direct amplification from infected needles. Using these specific primers, the distribution of C. minus simile and verum was determined from isolates collected throughout New Zealand. Results: The C. minus simile and C. minus verum primers developed were specific to these morphotypes only and were successfully used to identify simile and verum MOTUs from culture. Morphological typing of cultures was consistent with specific primer results in only 56% of isolates tested, demonstrating the high level of skill and experience required for accurate morphotyping from culture alone. C. minus simile was more common throughout New Zealand including regions where CNC is known to be more prevalent. From a collection of 120 isolates, 89% of North Island isolates and 59% of the South Island isolates were C. minus simile. The C. minus simile and verum specific primers were used to detect Cyclaneusma DNA in symptomatic P. radiata needles. C. minus simile was detected in 39% of the needle samples and C. minus verum was only detected in 11%. However, Cyclaneusma DNA was not detected by PCR in 50% of the sampled needles. Conclusions: The molecular methods developed for differentiation of C. minus simile and C. minus verum can be used to rapidly identify these morphotypes from cultures or from infected needles, which reduces the time otherwise required for morphological identification. Analysis using these tools for characterisation of C. minus sensu lato, isolated from P. radiata plantations in New Zealand since 1969, revealed that C. minus simile was more common than C. minus verum.

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Detection of asymptomatic fungal microorganisms in Pinus radiata tissue culture material

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Global geographic distribution and host range of Dothistroma species: a comprehensive review

Global geographic distribution and host range of Dothistroma species: a comprehensive review

Which Cyclaneusma minus morphotypes are responsible for needle cast of Pinus spp. in Slovakia?

Molecular tools for differentiating Cyclaneusma minus morphotypes and assessing their distribution in Pinus radiata forests in New Zealand

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