Detection of axial crack in the bend region of a pipe by high frequency electromagnetic waves

Abbasi, Kavoos; Motlagh, Nasrin Hosseini; Neamatollahi, Mohammad Reza; Hashizume, Hidetoshi

doi:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2009.07.006

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In piping inspection, the effect of bend was evaluated using microwave-based NDT method by Chen et al (2020). Abbasi et al (2009) employed high frequency electromagnetic waves for axial crack detection in u-shape pipes in water-reactors. In pipeline maintenance services, microwavebased NDT method is used for defect detection along the pipeline (Uoshita et al, 2019).…”

Section: Non-destructive Testing (Ndt) Methods Used For Defect Identi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation Into Fundamental Frequency Of Intact And Defective 3D-Printed PLA Beams

Foroozanfar¹

2023

Preprint

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<p>3D printing manufacturing method gains significant attractions from industries due to its advantages over other production methods. Polylactic Acid (PLA), a biodegradable feedstock in 3D printing and one of the major filaments in the market, is investigated. Impulse Excitation Technique (IET) is used to obtain Young’s modulus of 3D-printed PLA specimens. The results are then compared with those achieved through experimental tensile testing. Displacement laser sensors, attached on the vertical base along cantilever 3D printed PLA cantilever beam samples, are used to capture the fundamental flexural frequencies of the beams, and are compared with those obtained from ANSYS FEM models. The effect of through-the-thickness cracks on the fundamental frequency of the defective samples is also studied, both experimentally and numerically. Samples including deliberately printed cracks of different depths and locations were examined through experiment and simulation. Results showed that the crack distance from the fixed-end has a more pronounced effect on fundamental frequency than the crack size. Finally, variation of numerically calculated fundamental frequency of defective beam models vs. crack depth and location are presented, which could be used as a database and pave the road to more elaborate crack identification techniques. </p>

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Section: Non-destructive Testing (Ndt) Methods Used For Defect Identi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation Into Fundamental Frequency Of Intact And Defective 3D-Printed PLA Beams

Foroozanfar¹

2023

Preprint

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“…The variation of EM waves due to the addition of nanoparticles has not been widely explored by researchers unlike structural health monitoring using EM waves [10][11][12][13]. The application of EM waves for structural health monitoring (SHM) has been examined in the literature [14] where crack generated at the bend of a pipe is characterized by high frequency electromagnetic waves excited using a network analyzer. The variation in crack propagation was monitored in the reflected back EM waves signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Self-Sensing Piezoresistive Composite Materials for Structural Health Monitoring

et al. 2022

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The use of fiber-reinforced composite materials has widely spread in various sectors, including aerospace, defense, and civil industry. The assessment of these heterogeneous material systems is important for safer and risk-free applications and has contributed to the need for self-sensing composites. This work is focused on the development of piezoresistive composites, the prediction of their performance and structural health monitoring (SHM). Additionally, this work unpacks the complexity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) micro-fabrication and the development of piezoresistive and electromagnetic (EM) waves detection electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the CNTs structure and morphologies. The manufactured CNTs were incorporated in epoxy systems to fabricate glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)-CNTs smart composites with piezoresistive properties. The detection of micro-damage onset and its progression was carried out in mode I, to evaluate the sensitivity of the smart composites to damage development. The change in electrical conductivity of the nanotubes-reinforced composite systems due to localized mechanical strains enabled crack propagation detection. The relationship between crack propagation, fracture toughness, and electrical resistivity of the smart composite was analyzed.

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“…A related technique involves a coaxial sensor employing metallic spiral wrapping which separates in the presence of cracks in concrete structures to which it is attached [2]. Other techniques exist which use the inside of a pipe as a cylindrical waveguide to support electromagnetic wave propagation, in order to inspect for defects such as circumferential cracks [3], axial cracks [4], and pipe wall thinning [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Bends on the Long-Range Microwave Inspection of Thermally Insulated Pipelines for the Detection of Water

et al. 2011

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The detection of corrosion under insulation is an ongoing challenge in the oil and gas industry. An early warning of areas of pipe at risk of corrosion can be obtained by screening along the length of the pipeline to inspect the insulation layer for the presence of water, as water is a necessary precursor to corrosion. In a recent paper [Jones et al. in J. Nondestruct. Eval. 2011] we have shown that long-range detection of water volumes can be achieved with microwave signals, using the structure of the clad and insulated pipeline as a coaxial waveguide, with water volumes presenting an impedance contrast and producing reflections of the incident microwave signal. To achieve long-range inspection of complex pipe networks it is essential that the selected guided wave signal can transmit through structural features such as bends and supports whilst retaining a sufficient signal-tonoise ratio. This paper therefore presents a study on the effects of bends on the propagation of the fundamental Transverse Electromagnetic (TEM) mode. First, numerical simulations are used to study the amplitude of the TEM mode transmitted through a bend, as a function of bend radius and angle. It is found that for typical industrial bends with a bend angle of 90 • and bend radii between three and five times the pipe diameter, the transmission coefficient varies between 96% and 93%, respectively. As the bend angle varies from 0 to 180 • the transmission coefficient oscillates with maxima around 0, 90 and 180 • and minima at around 45 and 130 • . Moreover, the amplitude of the oscillation decreases as the bend radius increases. Then, experimental results on a 12 diameter waveguide with a length of 7 m are used to validate the simulated results and are found to be in excellent agreement.

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Detection of axial crack in the bend region of a pipe by high frequency electromagnetic waves

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

An Investigation Into Fundamental Frequency Of Intact And Defective 3D-Printed PLA Beams

An Investigation Into Fundamental Frequency Of Intact And Defective 3D-Printed PLA Beams

Smart Self-Sensing Piezoresistive Composite Materials for Structural Health Monitoring

The Effect of Bends on the Long-Range Microwave Inspection of Thermally Insulated Pipelines for the Detection of Water

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