Detection of blood benzodiazepines in injured people. Relationship with alcoholism

Girre, Catherine; Facy, F.; Lagier, G; Dally, S

doi:10.1016/0376-8716(88)90012-9

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Among the 13 studies, one included two distinctive occupational groups (Szwarc et al, 2009 ), with a total of 22 estimates. Focusing on the study design, four estimates (28.6%) were based on case control studies (Montastruc and Charlet, 1992 ; Price, 2012 , 2014 ; Palmer et al, 2014 ), while remaining estimates were from cross-sectional studies (71.4%) (Girre et al, 1988 ; Currie et al, 1995 ; Trucco et al, 1998 ; Drummer et al, 2003 ; Kurzthaler et al, 2005 ; Szwarc et al, 2009 ; Orriols et al, 2011 ; Canfield et al, 2012 ; Nkyekyer et al, 2018 ). The majority of the estimates were from France (35.7%) and United States (28.6%), with two studies form the United Kingdom (14.3%), a one study from Austria, Australia, Chile (7.1% each one).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Injuries and Use of Benzodiazepines: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis

Garbarino

Lanteri

Bragazzi

et al. 2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Benzodiazepines have been widely used in clinical practice for over four decades and continue to be one of the most consumed and highly prescribed class of drugs available in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The literature indicates that Benzodiazepine users at a significantly increased risk of Motor Vehicle accidents compared to non-users but the impact on injuries at workplace is not well-defined. We aimed to investigate whether use of benzodiazepine is associated with increased risk of occupational injuries (OI).Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) among case controls, cross-sectional studies, either questionnaire or laboratory exams based.Results: A total of 13 studies met inclusion criteria, involving 324,168 OI from seven different countries, with an estimated occurrence of benzodiazepine positivity of 2.71% (95% CI 1.45–4.98). A total of 14 estimates were retrieved. Of them, 10 were based on laboratory analyses, three on institutional databases, while one study was based on questionnaires. Regarding the occupational groups, three estimates focused on commercial drivers (0.73%, 95% CI 0.12–4.30), that exhibited a reduced risk ratio for benzodiazepine positivity compared to other occupational groups (RR 0.109, 95% CI 0.063–0.187). Eventually, no increased risk for benzodiazepine positivity was identified, either from case control studies (OR 1.520, 95% CI 0.801–2.885, I2 76%), or cross sectional studies, when only laboratory based estimates were taken in account (OR 0.590, 95% CI 0.253–1.377, I2 63%).Conclusions: Even though benzodiazepines have the potential to increase injury rates among casual and chronic users, available evidence are insufficient to sustain this hypothesis, particularly when focusing on laboratory-based studies (i.e., studies the characterized the benzodiazepine immediately before the event).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational Injuries and Use of Benzodiazepines: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis

Garbarino

Lanteri

Bragazzi

et al. 2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To assess the role played by the BZDs in accidents, sometimes patients are tested (blood or urine) after an accident without any evidence of BZD use being higher than in the general population [27][28][29]. This approach allows declarative bias to be avoided, which is common in cases of psychotropic drug use (including BZDs) [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of benzodiazepine use on the risk of occupational accidents

Baudot

2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Benzodiazepines (BZDs) are drugs commonly used for treating insomnia and anxiety. Although they are known to induce cognitive and psychomotor impairments, their effect on the risk of causing accidents at work remains understudied. The objective of this study is to estimate this risk by differentiating between the recommended use and overuse of these drugs (i.e., uninterrupted use for four months). The data come from the French National Health Data System, which provide a population composed of French people who had at least one work accident (WA) from 2017 to 2019 (approximately 2.5 million people). A linear probability model with two-way fixed effects is used to deal with time-constant heterogeneity and the time effect independent of individuals. The results show a reduction in the risk of WA after a short period of BZD use (one month) compared with no use at all, but the risk of WA increases when treatment exceeds the recommended duration. The intensity of use results in a greater risk of WAs: a 1% increase in BZD use (expressed as the amount reimbursed) leads to a 4.4% (p<0.001) increase in the monthly risk of WAs. Moreover, we see an increase in risk in the month following the treatment discontinuation (+3.6%, p<0.001), which could be due to rebounding and catch-up effects. Health professionals and BZD users should be made aware of the WA risk induced by the use of BZDs, particularly after prolonged use and after discontinuation of treatment. This study provides more evidence for the need to limit the duration of BZD treatment.

show abstract

Alcohol: Interaction with Other Drugs

Brick

2009

Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prescription medications as well as over‐the‐counter medications are widely used. Many of these medications have psychoactive effects when used alone, but in combination with ethyl alcohol, a common toxicological factor in forensic evaluations, may result in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. This article reviews the use of and pharmacological interactions between alcohol and analgesics, antibiotics, anticoagulants, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antidiabetics, antihistamines, antipsychotics, cardiovascular medications, other alcohols, statins, opiates, sedatives, and stimulants. The importance of individual characteristics, experimental design, and drug interactions is discussed in the context of forensic evaluations.

show abstract

Detection of blood benzodiazepines in injured people. Relationship with alcoholism

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Occupational Injuries and Use of Benzodiazepines: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis

Occupational Injuries and Use of Benzodiazepines: A Systematic Review and Metanalysis

Impact of benzodiazepine use on the risk of occupational accidents

Alcohol: Interaction with Other Drugs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About