Detection of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 and Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Specific Antibodies in Individual, Bulk Tank Milk and Serum Samples of Vaccinated Cattle in Different Provinces of Egypt

Abstract

From three commercial Friesian-Holstein dairy herds located in three different provinces of Egypt "El-Fayoum, EL-Ismailia and EL-Beheira" adopted a number of different vaccination strategies, a total of 183 individual blood samples, individual pooled milk samples collected on the same occasion from the same animal and 23 Bulk Tank Milk (BTM) samples were tested and evaluated for about a year to monitor the immune status of vaccinated cattle against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) viruses. All samples were subjected to "BHV1" gB monoclonal Antibody Test Kit (IBRgB test kit "IDEXX Laboratories"), indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for the detection of specific antibodies against (Abu Hammad strain) of BHV1and (Iman strain) of BVD Virus. For investigation and evaluation of vaccination program against BHV1 and BVD viruses, results revealed a high significant correlation and regression coefficient obtained between individual serum and milk titers. Individual milk and BTM samples permit an adequate determination of immune status of the herd for large scale epizotiological studies indicating if Herd Protection level (HPL) is sufficient or not. Both "Pneumo 3" (Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research-Cairo-Egypt) and "Cattle Master 4" (Pfizer) vaccines were found to be highly effective in producing immune response against BHV1 and BVD viruses. High regression, correlation coefficient and F test significance between IBRgB blocking ELISA and BHV1 indirect ELISA in serum and milk samples were recognized.