Detection of Changes in Naturalistic Scenes: Comparisons of Individuals With and Without Mental Retardation

Abstract

Abilities of individuals with and without mental retardation to search for and detect salient changes to naturalistic scenes were investigated using the flicker paradigm. Located in areas of central or marginal interest, changes involved an object's color, shape, or presence. Individuals with mental retardation required more time to detect changes of all types, and the magnitude of the group difference was more pronounced for marginal-interest changes. Supplemental eye-tracking data from 6 participants suggested that the basis of this effect was that individuals with mental retardation tended to maintain gaze in the region of central interest for longer periods of time prior to sampling the other areas of the scene. Implications for intelligence-related differences in visual attention are discussed.

Enhancing Cognitive Performances of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities: A Human Factors Approach

“…A systematic search of the scene must be undertaken to complete the task most efficiently. Carlin et al (2003) used this methodology to investigate search for changes defined by color, form, or presence/absence. Changes occurred either in the area of central interest in the scene (i.e., the location to which attention was initially directed) or to other peripheral areas of the scenes.…”

Visual perception and frontal lobe in intellectual disabilities: a study with evoked potentials and neuropsychology

“…Several studies found an acute deficit in shape perception capacity (Hermelin & O'Connor 1961a,b), stereopsis vision (O'Connor & Hermelin 1961; Fox & Oross 1988) and the detection of changes in objects colour, shape or even presence and absence (Carlin et al . 2003) in groups of persons with ID.…”

فعالية برنامج تدريبي قائم على مساعدات التذكر لتحسين مهارة التعرف القرائي والاحتفاظ المعرفي لدى التلاميذ ذوى الإعاقة العقلية البسيطة المدمجين

“…: ‫مي‬ ‫المي‬ ‫دئ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫الم‬ (Mayer,1996) ‫يذكر‬ (Bakken, 2017;Browder,et al, 2006;Fritz, et al, 2007;Lemons, et al, 2018;Scruggs, &Mastropieri, 2000 (Mastropieri,et al, 2000, 70;Foil, & Abler, 2002) ‫ػف‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ػذ‬ ‫ك‬ ‫ػ‬ ‫درالن‬ ‫رت‬ ‫ػ‬ ‫ش‬ ‫ك‬ (Fazih, et al, 2018;Kamalian, et al, 2017;Jones, et al, 2002;McCaskey, 2015;Philips, 2016;Sariçoban, &Basibek, 2012;Wang, 2009 (Beech, 2014;Katims, 2000;Kliewer, &Biklen, 2001;Walker, et al,2007;Kamil, et al, 2016;Ashoori, 2012;Carney, & Levin, 2000;Hwang, & Levin, 2002;Kurniati, et al, 2021;Lubin,&Polloway, 2016;Mastropieri&Scruggs, 1998;Mastropieri, et al, 1994;Uberti, Scruggs, et al, 2003) Carlin, et al, 2003;Chadsey, & Beyer, 2001;Hannah, &Midlarsky, 2005;Henry, 2008;Mariet, et al, 2009;Miller, 2009;Jooste, &;Jooste, 2005;Kraemer, et al, 2003;Lanfranchi, et al, 2012) ‫المقياس : ‫ا‬ ‫ك‬ (Ashoori, 2012;Carney, & Levin, 2000;…”