Detection of cracks in ferrous steel structures: new innovative eddy current techniques

Uchanin, V.M.; Nardoni, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.prostr.2019.07.041

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Proposed sliding technique is based on double differential type EC probe application. Double differential type EC probes were invented few decades ago and were proved as efficient tool for new inspection technologies development in aircraft, railway transport, chemical industry, power engineering and so on [16][17][18][19]. These type EC probes have high performance characteristics concerned with the sensitivity, spatial resolution and depth of penetration in combination with small size.…”

Section: Sliding Inspection Techniques For Rapid Detection Of Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the Fatigue Cracks Initiated near the Rivet Holes by Eddy Current Inspection Techniques

Uchanin

2020

Transactions on Aerospace Research

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Eddy current (EC) method is considered as most applicable for in-service detection of fatigue subsurface cracks initiated in aircraft multilayer structures near the rivet holes. At the same time, the successful solution of this problem is obstructed by additional noise created by defect-free rivets. All EC inspection techniques for the detection of subsurface cracks around the rivets can be classified into three main groups: 1) static mode – carried out by placing the EC probe concentrically on the rivet head; 2) rotational mode – when the EC probe is rotated around the rivet axle and 2) sliding mode – performed by the movement of EC probe along the rivet line or near it. All these approaches have some advantages and limitations. In this study, known EC techniques for the detection of cracks in multilayer aircraft structures are analyzed. New advanced EC techniques for the detection of fatigue cracks in internal layers of the riveted structures based on different types (ring, sliding, and rotational) probes are presented. The static EC method with developed low-height ring-type probe creates the possibility to detect cracks in the difficult of access areas. The possibility to estimate the length of detected cracks by a ring-type probe is shown. The proposed rotational remote field EC probe can detect as small as 1.0 mm long cracks under the button-head rivet and 2 mm thick upper skin with a high signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, in many aircraft structures, fatigue cracks will be detected before a critical threshold achieved. New EC sliding techniques based on remote field and double differential probes were proposed for the rapid detection of cracks in internal layers of riveted aircraft structures. Remote-field EC probe for reliable detection of fatigue cracks in third and fourth layers of five-layer units was proposed. Another sliding technique based on a double differential EC probe gives the possibility to detect transverse cracks in the second layer without the rivet row area access. The main advantage of developed techniques is high inspection reliability due to the possibility to discriminate the signals created by cracks and defect-free rivets. Presented inspection procedures include the selective signal analysis in the complex plane diagram. Proposed EC inspection techniques were successfully implemented into the aircraft maintenance practice.

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Section: Sliding Inspection Techniques For Rapid Detection Of Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of the Fatigue Cracks Initiated near the Rivet Holes by Eddy Current Inspection Techniques

Uchanin

2020

Transactions on Aerospace Research

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“…The sensitivity of eddy current testing makes it a promising technique for detecting small cracks in the surface of a rail. Cracks which are less than about 5 mm in depth are of particular interest, because ultrasonic testing cannot be used to evaluate this type of cracks being so close to the surface [6,7]. The use of multicoils eddy current (EC) sensors in non Destructive Testing (NDT) provides high speed inspection and can make a measurement of large surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eddy Current Probe Configuration for Full Rail Top Surface Inspection

Aouf¹,

Bouchala²,

Abdou³

et al. 2021

I2M

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In this paper, we have carried out an experimental study of the detection of top rail surface cracks. Firstly, we have highlighted the inability to inspect the entire rail head surface by a single sensor with a single scan. To overcome this inspection inability, we have proposed a multisensor system composed of three differential probes arranged within a specific configuration. The yielded results showed the efficiency and the robustness of the proposed configuration in the detection of cracks regardless its size, orientation and location.

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“…At present, the main methods of eddy current detection are one-dimensional detection (amplitude) [10] and two-dimensional (amplitude and phase) comprehensive detection [11,12].Two-dimensional detection provides more information about the measured object, so it has a higher detection rate and a lower false alarm rate. Reliable extraction and display of two-dimensional information has become the key to eddy current detection [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Channel Eddy Current Detector Based on Virtual Instrument Technology and Self-Balancing Technology

2021

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In order to reduce the complexity of software and hardware design in multi-channel eddy current testing, a multi-channel real-time eddy current testing system based on lock-in amplifier technology and self-balancing technology is designed. The system uses graphical programming language platform (LabVIEW), Myrio1900 data acquisition control card and lock-in amplifier as key components. The lock-in amplifier adopts the lock-in technology to detect the amplitude and phase of the weak eddy current signal. The Myrio1900 card outputs multiple analog switch control signals and collects the amplitude component of the weak eddy current signal. The LabVIEW platform uses self-balancing technology to eliminate the imbalance of the bridge itself. The detection system realizes the real-time and reliable display of the amplitude and XY components of the 6-channel eddy current signal. Experimental results show that the designed system has a detection width of 56.00 mm at one time, and can detect artificial grooves with a covering layer of 2.90 mm. The artificial grooves have a width of 1.00 mm, a depth of 1.00 mm and a length of 50.00 mm. The system design process described in the article can be used as a reference for equipment developers and can also be used for educational purposes.

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Detection of cracks in ferrous steel structures: new innovative eddy current techniques

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Detection of the Fatigue Cracks Initiated near the Rivet Holes by Eddy Current Inspection Techniques

Detection of the Fatigue Cracks Initiated near the Rivet Holes by Eddy Current Inspection Techniques

Eddy Current Probe Configuration for Full Rail Top Surface Inspection

Multi-Channel Eddy Current Detector Based on Virtual Instrument Technology and Self-Balancing Technology

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