Detection of Early Ultrasonographic Markers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Prediabetes Patients

Firmino, SM; Wende, K.W.; Jp, Gregorio; Fy, Yuamoto; Heubel, Alessandro Domingues; Ez, Kabbach; Pb, Santos; Goulart, Cássia da Luz; Pott-Júnior, Henrique; Silva, Audrey Borghi; Mendes, RG; Amo, Leal; Mg, Roscani

doi:10.1016/j.avsg.2021.07.051

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In young adult rats, a diet rich in fructose and high in salt increases PWV and decreases aortic distensibility, a direct index of compliance (Komnenov et al, 2020;Levanovich et al, 2021). Similar to humans with prediabetes (Gordish et al, 2017;Sm et al, 2022), rats ingesting a 20% fructose diet exhibit normal serum glucose (Gordish et al, 2017) but clearly demonstrate insulin resistance (Komnenov et al, 2020;Soncrant et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive blood pressure differentially affects sympathetically mediated aortic stiffness in male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats

Komnenov

Rossi

2023

Physiological Reports

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Hypertension is the leading risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Aortic stiffness and sympathoexcitation are robust predictors of MACE. Combined high fructose and sodium intake increases arterial pressure, aortic stiffness, renin, and sympathetic nerve activity in male rats. We hypothesized that activation of the renin angiotensin system (RAS) and/or the sympathetic system mediates aortic stiffness in rats with fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive blood pressure. Male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats ingested 20% fructose or 20% glucose in drinking water with 0.4% NaCl chow for 1 week. Then, fructose‐fed rats were switched to 4% NaCl chow (Fru + HS); glucose‐fed rats remained on 0.4% NaCl chow (Glu + NS, controls for caloric intake). After 2 weeks, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and aortic pulsed wave velocity (PWV) were evaluated at baseline or after acute intravenous vehicle, clonidine, enalapril, losartan, or hydrochlorothiazide. Baseline global longitudinal strain (GLS) was also assessed. MAP and PWV were greater in male Fru + HS versus Glu + NS male rats (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). PWV was similar between the female groups. Despite similarly reduced MAP after clonidine, PWV decreased in Fru + HS versus Glu + NS male rats (p < 0.01). Clonidine induced similar decreases in MAP and PWV in females on either diet. GLS was lower in Fru + HS versus Glu + NS male rats and either of the female groups. Thus, acute sympathoinhibition improved aortic compliance in male rats with fructose salt‐sensitive blood pressure. Female rats retained aortic compliance regardless of diet. Acute RAS inhibition exerted no significant effects. Male rats on fructose high salt diet displayed an early deficit in myocardial function. Taken together, these findings suggest that adult female rats are protected from the impact of fructose and high salt diet on blood pressure, aortic stiffness, and early left ventricular dysfunction compared with male rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive blood pressure differentially affects sympathetically mediated aortic stiffness in male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats

Komnenov

Rossi

2023

Physiological Reports

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“…LVEF: Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction; CIMT, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. The characteristics of this sample are as described in a previous publication by our group 15. Pulse wave velocity in prediabetic patients 5/8Firmino et al J Vasc Bras.…”

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confidence: 99%

Discriminative value of pulse wave velocity for arterial stiffness and cardiac injury in prediabetic patients

Firmino,

Goulart,

Gregorio

et al. 2023

J. vasc. bras.

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Background Prediabetes (PD) is defined as impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and may be associated with high risk of cardiovascular injury. It is recommended that PD patients be screened for signs of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular injury to reinforce therapeutic strategies. Objectives To identify pulse wave velocity values discriminative for arterial stiffness and cardiovascular injury in PD patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with PD (N=43) and normoglycemic (N=37) patients who underwent clinical evaluation, arterial stiffness assessment by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) using SphygmoCor, laboratory blood analysis, investigation of morphological and functional cardiac variables by transthoracic echocardiogram, and assessment of carotid intima-media-thickness (CIMT) by carotid ultrasonography. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Results A cfPWV cut-off value of 6.9 m/s was identified for IGT (Sensitivity [SE]: 74% and Specificity [SP]: 51%). Comparison of general data and risk factors between subsets with values above and below this cutoff value revealed higher rates of fasting glucose (p=0.02), obesity (p=0.03), dyslipidemia (p=0.004), early signs of left ventricle (p=0.017) and right ventricle (p=0.03) impaired diastolic function, and elevated CIMT in subjects with cfPWV ≥ 6.9m/s (p=0.04). Conclusions In PD patients, a cfPWV cutoff of 6.9 m/s was considered a discriminative value for arterial stiffness. These findings highlight the value of early investigation of cardiovascular injury and aggressive therapy strategies with good control of risk factors in PD.

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Detection of Early Ultrasonographic Markers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Prediabetes Patients

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive blood pressure differentially affects sympathetically mediated aortic stiffness in male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats

Fructose‐induced salt‐sensitive blood pressure differentially affects sympathetically mediated aortic stiffness in male and female Sprague‐Dawley rats

Discriminative value of pulse wave velocity for arterial stiffness and cardiac injury in prediabetic patients

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