Detection of Enterovirus D68 in Canadian Laboratories

Hatchette, Todd F.; Drews, Steven J.; Grudeski, Elsie; Booth, Tim F.; Martineau, Christine; Dust, Kerry; Garceau, Richard; Gubbay, Jonathan B.; Karnauchow, Timothy; Krajden, Mel; Levett, Paul N.; Mazzulli, Tony; McDonald, Ryan; McNabb, A.; Mubareka, Samira; Needle, Robert; Petrich, Astrid; Richardson, Susan E.; Rutherford, Candy; Śmieja, Marek; Tellier, Raymond; LeBlanc, Jason J.

doi:10.1128/jcm.03686-14

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Other EV types from species A, B and C were also detected at different rates. EV-A and B are occasionally detected in respiratory samples and their involvement in the respiratory pathology is not as clear as in the case of EV-D68 and EV-C104, EV-C105 or EV-C109 [2,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]31,32]. This is in agreement with the fact that in our study, in most cases, EV-D68 was the single infectious agent.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Since 2014, an increasing number of EV-D68 outbreaks associated with severe respiratory diseases, mainly in children, have been occurring in different countries, first in the US and Canada, followed by Europe and Asia. Concurrently, clusters of cases with neurological complications such as myelitis or acute flaccid paralysis were reported in the same geographical areas [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Before 2014, only a few outbreaks or sporadic cases of EV-D68 infections had been reported in different parts of the world [6][7][8]. However, in the late summer of that year, a large-scale outbreak of severe respiratory illness associated with EV-D68 was noted in the United States (US) and Canada [9,10]. Moreover, there was a significant increase of cases with neurological complications after the respiratory episode, mainly acute flaccid myelitis [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterovirus D68-associated respiratory and neurological illness in Spain, 2014–2018

González-Sanz

Taravillo

Reina

et al. 2019

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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During 2014, enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) outbreaks were described globally, causing severe respiratory diseases in children and, in some cases, subsequent paralysis. In this study, the type characterization of enterovirus (EV) detected in respiratory illnesses and the epidemiology and clinical association of EV-D68 infections in Spain over a five-year period were described. A total of 546 EV-positive samples from hospitalized patients with respiratory infections were included. EV-D68 was the most frequently detected type (46.6%, 191/410 typed EV). Other EV from species A (25.1%), B (27.8%) and C (0.5%) were also identified. EV-D68 infections were more associated with bronchitis while EV-A/B types were more frequent in upper respiratory illness (p < 0.01). EV-D68 was also detected in patients with neurological symptoms (nine meningitis/meningoencephalitis and eight acute flaccid paralysis cases). Phylogenetic analysis of 3′-VP1 region showed most Spanish EV-D68 sequences from 2014 to 2016 belonged to subclades B2/B3, as other American and European strains circulating during the same period. However, those detected in 2017 and 2018 clustered to the emerged subclade D1. In summary, different EV can cause respiratory infections but EV-D68 was the most prevalent, with several strains circulating in Spain at least since 2014. Association between EV-D68 infection and neurological disease was also described.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enterovirus D68-associated respiratory and neurological illness in Spain, 2014–2018

González-Sanz

Taravillo

Reina

et al. 2019

Emerging Microbes & Infections

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“…(b) Commercially available molecular test panels may not fulfill all testing needs. A major drawback of multiplexed panels is the inability to differentiate closely related viruses or to detect all targets with equivalent sensitivity, and some targets on commercial multiplex panels continue to be detected more efficiently by singleplex assays (278) (also see comments on emerging pathogens below). In one study, detection of RSVA and FLUA had decreased sensitivity in panel tests compared to that with singleplex NAAT (279).…”

Section: Molecular Panel Testing For Respiratory Viruses (I) Defininmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another limitation in some available assays is the inability to distinguish EVs from RVs. This can lead to secondary laboratory differentiation algorithms to characterize infection (282), and this is compounded by the limited ability to detect emerging EV strains (278). For example, enterovirus D68 may require altered patient management compared to seasonal EV strains, as it is associated with extrapulmonary syndromes such as acute flaccid paralysis (282).…”

Section: Molecular Panel Testing For Respiratory Viruses (I) Defininmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Viruses Causing Acute Respiratory Tract Infections

et al. 2018

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SUMMARYRespiratory viral infections are associated with a wide range of acute syndromes and infectious disease processes in children and adults worldwide. Many viruses are implicated in these infections, and these viruses are spread largely via respiratory means between humans but also occasionally from animals to humans. This article is an American Society for Microbiology (ASM)-sponsored Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology (PGCM) document identifying best practices for diagnosis and characterization of viruses that cause acute respiratory infections and replaces the most recent prior version of the ASM-sponsored Cumitech 21 document,Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Respiratory Disease, published in 1986. The scope of the original document was quite broad, with an emphasis on clinical diagnosis of a wide variety of infectious agents and laboratory focus on antigen detection and viral culture. The new PGCM document is designed to be used by laboratorians in a wide variety of diagnostic and public health microbiology/virology laboratory settings worldwide. The article provides guidance to a rapidly changing field of diagnostics and outlines the epidemiology and clinical impact of acute respiratory viral infections, including preferred methods of specimen collection and current methods for diagnosis and characterization of viral pathogens causing acute respiratory tract infections. Compared to the case in 1986, molecular techniques are now the preferred diagnostic approaches for the detection of acute respiratory viruses, and they allow for automation, high-throughput workflows, and near-patient testing. These changes require quality assurance programs to prevent laboratory contamination as well as strong preanalytical screening approaches to utilize laboratory resources appropriately. Appropriate guidance from laboratorians to stakeholders will allow for appropriate specimen collection, as well as correct test ordering that will quickly identify highly transmissible emerging pathogens.

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Enteroviruses and rhinoviruses

Wang

2024

Molecular Medical Microbiology

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Detection of Enterovirus D68 in Canadian Laboratories

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Enterovirus D68-associated respiratory and neurological illness in Spain, 2014–2018

Enterovirus D68-associated respiratory and neurological illness in Spain, 2014–2018

Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology Laboratories: Viruses Causing Acute Respiratory Tract Infections

Enteroviruses and rhinoviruses

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