Detection of exogenous VOCs as a novel in vitro diagnostic technique for the detection of pathogenic bacteria

Abstract

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Application of Fecal Volatile Organic Compound Analysis in Clinical Practice: Current State and Future Perspectives

“…In a study on VOC profiles in Campylobacter jejuni positive fecal samples, it was found that the presence of one specific VOC was positively associated with C. jejuni [8]. Another study demonstrated the absence of two types of VOCS were strongly associated with C. jejuni, as listed in Table 2 [10].…”

Detection of β-alanyl aminopeptidase as a biomarker for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis using exogenous volatile organic compound evolution

“…Our aim was to therefore develop a rapid test for the detection of Pseudomonas and Burkholderia from CF patient sputum samples, utilising balanyl aminopeptidase activity. We have previously identied that using targeted enzyme substrates, a unique exogenous volatile organic compound can be liberated and detected using either static headspace-solid phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, SHS-SPME-GC-MS [23][24][25][26] or static headspace multicapillary column-gas chromatographyion mobility spectrometry, SHS-MCC-GC-IMS. 27 The use of exogenous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to distinguish 7 Gram-positive from 15 Gram-negative bacteria using the enzyme substrates 2-amino-N-phenylpropanamide (to liberate the VOC aniline) and 2-amino-N-(4-methylphenyl)propanamide (to liberate the VOC p-toluidine) has been demonstrated.…”

Fecal Volatile Organic Compounds in Preterm Infants Are Influenced by Enteral Feeding Composition

“…VOC are the gaseous carbon-based organic chemicals and products of metabolic (patho-)physiological processes in the human body, which can be detected in various bodily excrements (e.g., exhaled breath, urine and feces). Fecal VOCs are considered to reflect the gut microbiota composition, function and interactions with the host [ 1 , 2 ]. Consequently, fecal VOC analysis is considered to be a powerful non-invasive diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal diseases, such as NEC and IBD, in which the intestinal microbiota alterations play an etiological role [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”