Detection of feline Parvovirus (FPV) from Cats infected with Enteritis Using rapid test and Polymerase Chain Reaction in Iraq

Abstract

Feline Parvovirus (FPV) had a substantial outcome on cats at various ages. This study considered being the first in Iraq focused on detection of the virus in cats with diarrhea at different age groups in some Iraqi provinces. The present study, involved a collectin of 84 fecal samples or intestinal fecal samples from an infected cats (stray and pet). These specimens were checked for detection of presence or absence the viral antigen. The checking procedure was included using the rapid antigen test kit (Anigen, Korea) and ready Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) kit (Santiago, Chile) to detect the virus antigen and specific genes. In addition to that, the hematological parameters had been realized. The current results show the 32 (38%) and 43 (51. 1%) were positive in rapid test and PCR, respectively. The hematological results showed 75 (89. 2%) have leukopenia.It was concluded from current study that the FPV was detected and distributed between cats of Iraq. Also, its showed that the stray cats play an important role in distribution of disease in fields.

Molecular Diagnosis, Risk factors and Phylogenetic Analysis of Feline Panleukopenia Virus in Cats in Duhok Province, Iraq

“…These findings are in agreement with Amoroso et al [16]; Radhy and Zenad, [19] and Bukar-Kolo et al [23]. This may be due to the virus spreading to healthy domestic cats through stray cats that are clinical or subclinical infected, as these cats shed the virus over extended periods of time or when they are on the move and looking for food [21,42]. Additionally, the majority of domestic cat owners maintain their cats' health by vaccinating them and keeping them away from stray cats [22].…”

“…The results revealed that the prevalence of FPV in cats was significantly higher in the Duhok and Sumel regions compared to the Zakho regions. This result is comparable to Abdel-Baky et al [18]; Radhy and Zenad, [19] and Al-Bayati, [21] they found that there is a different prevalence of FPV in cats in various regions of the same country. The difference in prevalence may be related to management practices, cat lifestyles, sampling size, and various climatic factors such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall [18,28,45].…”

“…This result is in accordance with Jenkins et al, (14); Zenad and Radhy, [20] and Awad et al [31]. On the other hand, Al-Bayati, [21] found that the incidence of the infection is greater in females than males, these probably due to the physiological effects of the females during pregnancy and lactation period that are associated with immunological and hormonal changes.…”

“…Furthermore, the adult cats may constitute reservoirs for the spread of the disease and are considered a potential risk for kittens [44]. Whereas these results were in conflict with Jenkins et al [14] and Al-Bayati, [21] whose findings found no significant difference between cats less than one year and more than one year. This present study also found that the prevalence of FPV was significantly higher in short hair breed cats compared to angora and Persian breeds, but there was no significant difference between angora and Persian breeds.…”

“…The virus can be transmitted by direct contact with infected cats or their secretions [11]; placental transmission from pregnant infected cats to the embryo [12]; flies and other insects may also play a role in the spreading of the virus [13].The disease in cats is widely distributed in various continents in Asia, Europe, Africa, Australia, and America [14][15][16][17][18]. Moreover, in Iraq, the FPLV disease has been reported in Baghdad province [19,20], and in Wasit province [21].…”