Detection of five instances of dual-clade infections of Candida auris with opposite mating types in southern Nevada, USA

Massic, Lauryn; Gorzalski, Andrew; Siao, Danielle Denise; Dykema, Philip; Hua, Chi; Schneider, Emily; Van Hooser, Stephanie; Pandori, Mark; Hess, David

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00434-6

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…For the strains isolated from blood and urine samples, the capsofungin MIC value was determined. The available phenotypic susceptibility data showed that, in the isolates with a mutation in the FKS1 gene, the MIC values for caspofungin were elevated when compared to wild-type isolates [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida auris Updates: Outbreak Evaluation through Molecular Assays and Antifungal Stewardship—A Narrative Review

Ionescu,

Luchian,

Damian

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Candida auris was reported by the WHO as second to Cryptococcus neoformans, in the list of nineteen fungal priority pathogens, along with two species with a new nomenclature, Nakaseomyces glabrata (Candida glabrata) and Pichia kudriavzevii (Candida krusei). This novel classification was based on antifungal resistance, the number of deaths, evidence-based treatment, access to diagnostics, annual incidence, and complications and sequelae. We assessed which molecular assays have been used to diagnose Candida auris outbreaks in the last five years. Using “Candida auris; outbreak; molecular detection” as keywords, our search in PubMed revealed 32 results, from which we selected 23 original papers published in 2019–2024. The analyzed studies revealed that the detection methods were very different: from the VITEK® 2 System to MALDI TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight), NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing), WGS (Whole Genome Sequencing), and commercially available real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) assays. Moreover, we identified studies that detected antifungal resistance genes (e.g., FKS for echinocandins and ERG11 for azoles). The analyzed outbreaks were from all continents, which confirms the capability of this yeast to spread between humans and to contaminate the environment. It is important that real-time PCR assays were developed for accurate and affordable detection by all laboratories, including the detection of antifungal resistance genes. This will allow the fast and efficient implementation of stewardship programs in hospitals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida auris Updates: Outbreak Evaluation through Molecular Assays and Antifungal Stewardship—A Narrative Review

Ionescu,

Luchian,

Damian

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Genomic Innovation and Virulence Evolution in the Emerging Human Fungal Pathogen Candida auris

Gifford,

Rhodes,

Wilson

et al. 2024

The Mycota

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A simple and sensitive test for Candida auris colonization, surveillance, and infection control suitable for near patient use

Banik,

Ozay,

Trejo

et al. 2024

J Clin Microbiol

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Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen with a propensity to colonize humans and persist on environmental surfaces. C. auris invasive fungal disease is being increasingly identified in acute and long-term care settings. We have developed a prototype cartridge-based C. auris surveillance assay (CaurisSurV cartridge; “research use only”) that includes integrated sample processing and nucleic acid amplification to detect C. auris from surveillance skin swabs in the GeneXpert instrument and is designed for point-of-care use. The assay limit of detection (LoD) in the skin swab matrix was 10.5 and 14.8 CFU/mL for non-aggregative (AR0388) and aggregative (AR0382) strains of C. auris , respectively. All five known clades of C. auris were detected at 2-3-5× (31.5–52.5 CFU/mL) the LoD. The assay was validated using a total of 85 clinical swab samples banked at two different institutions (University of California Los Angeles, CA and Wadsworth Center, NY). Compared to culture, sensitivity was 96.8% (30/31) and 100% (10/10) in the UCLA and Wadsworth cohorts, respectively, providing a combined sensitivity of 97.5% (40/41), and compared to PCR, the combined sensitivity was 92% (46/50). Specificity was 100% with both clinical ( C. auris negative matrix, N = 31) and analytical (non- C . auris strains, N = 32) samples. An additional blinded study with N = 60 samples from Wadsworth Center, NY yielded 97% (29/30) sensitivity and 100% (28/28) specificity. We have developed a completely integrated, sensitive, specific, and 58-min prototype test, which can be used for routine surveillance of C. auris and might help prevent colonization and outbreaks in acute and chronic healthcare settings. IMPORTANCE This study has the potential to offer a better solution to healthcare providers at hospitals and long-term care facilities in their ongoing efforts for effective and timely control of Candida auris infection and hence quicker response for any potential future outbreaks.

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Detection of five instances of dual-clade infections of Candida auris with opposite mating types in southern Nevada, USA

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Candida auris Updates: Outbreak Evaluation through Molecular Assays and Antifungal Stewardship—A Narrative Review

Candida auris Updates: Outbreak Evaluation through Molecular Assays and Antifungal Stewardship—A Narrative Review

Genomic Innovation and Virulence Evolution in the Emerging Human Fungal Pathogen Candida auris

A simple and sensitive test for Candida auris colonization, surveillance, and infection control suitable for near patient use

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