Detection of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease:  Preliminary Results

Coste, Christine; Sijobert, Benoît; Pissard-Gibollet, Roger; Pasquier, Maud; Espiau, Bernard; Gény, Christian

doi:10.3390/s140406819

Cited by 86 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The recording of gait abnormalities in between or prior to FOG episodes [38] provide a fuller picture of the FOG events allowing more accurate assessment of therapeutic strategies [39]. To our knowledge this wearable technology is still only used in research settings and clinical application will depend on further development of automated feature learning for the detection of FOG episodes.…”

Section: Objective Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, an algorithm evaluating cadence and stride length data from an IMU placed on the shank has been developed to detect this ‘festinating’ type of FOG [39]. FOG can also manifest as complete akinesia, where no motion of the legs is observed and patients describe an interim period where they passively wait for the spontaneous resolution of the FOG episode.…”

Section: Objective Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Practicalities of Assessing Freezing of Gait

Barthel¹,

Mallia

Debû

et al. 2016

Journal of Parkinson’s Disease

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Background: Freezing of gait (FOG) is a mysterious, complex and debilitating phenomenon in Parkinson’s disease. Adequate assessment is a pre-requisite for managing FOG, as well as for assigning participants in FOG research. The episodic nature of FOG, as well as its multiple clinical expressions make its assessment challenging.Objective: To highlight the available assessment tools and to provide practical, experience-based recommendations for reliable assessment of FOG.Methods: We reviewed FOG assessment from history taking, questionnaires, lab and home-based measurements and examined how these methods account for presence and severity of FOG, their limits and advantages. The practicalities for their use in clinical and research practice are highlighted.Results: According to the available assessment tools severity of FOG is marked by one or a combination of multiple clinical expressions including frequency, duration, triggering circumstances, response to levodopa, association with falls and fear of falling, or need for assistance to avoid falls.Conclusions: To date, a unique methodological tool that encompasses the entire complexity of FOG is lacking. Combining methods should give a better picture of FOG severity, in accordance with the precise clinical or research context. Further development of any future assessment tool requires understanding and thorough analysis of the specific clinical expressions of FOG.

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Section: Objective Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Objective Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Practicalities of Assessing Freezing of Gait

Barthel¹,

Mallia

Debû

et al. 2016

Journal of Parkinson’s Disease

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“…These symptoms are typically refractory to therapy, including STN- and GPi-DBS [51, 52], and are thus a significant source of morbidity in PD [53]. The pathophysiology and neuropathological substrates underlying FoG remain largely unknown.…”

Section: New and Emerging Dbs Targets For Refractory Motor Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease: New and Emerging Targets for Refractory Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms

Anderson

Beecher

2017

Parkinson's Disease

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition characterized by bradykinesia, tremor, rigidity, and postural instability (PI), in addition to numerous nonmotor manifestations. Many pharmacological therapies now exist to successfully treat PD motor symptoms; however, as the disease progresses, it often becomes challenging to treat with medications alone. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become a crucial player in PD treatment, particularly for patients who have disabling motor complications from medical treatment. Well-established DBS targets include the subthalamic nucleus (STN), the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi), and to a lesser degree the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus. Studies of alternative DBS targets for PD are ongoing, the majority of which have shown some clinical benefit; however, more carefully designed and controlled studies are needed. In the present review, we discuss the role of these new and emerging DBS targets in treating refractory axial motor symptoms and other motor and nonmotor symptoms (NMS).

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“…Applied to neurological diseases, it represents an extremely helpful marker for practitioners to analyze pathological effects on gait and therapy efficiency. Preliminary work showed that monitoring the instantaneous stride length gave a crucial information to online detect or anticipate freezing of gait (FOG, an episodic inability to generate effective stepping) in patients suffering from Parkinson's disease [4] [5]. Measuring the physical activity of those patients and quantifying FOG events could also enable to differentiate "OFF" times, a state of decreased mobility associated to a low L-dopa level, and "ON" times, or periods when the medication is working and symptoms are controlled [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation and Validation of a Stride Length Estimation Algorithm, Using a Single Basic Inertial Sensor on Healthy Subjects and Patients Suffering from Parkinson’s Disease

Sijobert¹,

Benoussaad²,

Denys³

et al. 2015

Health

Self Cite

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As low cost and highly portable sensors, inertial measurements units (IMU) have become increasingly used in gait analysis, embodying an efficient alternative to motion capture systems. Meanwhile, being able to compute reliably accurate spatial gait parameters using few sensors remains a relatively complex problematic. Providing a clinical oriented solution, our study presents a gyrometer and accelerometer based algorithm for stride length estimation. Compared to most of the numerous existing works where only an averaged stride length is computed from several IMU, or where the use of the magnetometer is incompatible with everyday use, our challenge here has been to extract each individual stride length in an easy-to-use algorithm requiring only one inertial sensor attached to the subject shank. Our results were validated on healthy subjects and patients suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD). Estimated stride lengths were compared to GAITRite © walkway system data: the mean error over all the strides was less than 6% for healthy group and 10.3% for PD group. This method provides a reliable portable solution for monitoring the instantaneous stride length and opens the way to promising applications.

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Detection of Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: Preliminary Results

Cited by 86 publications

References 20 publications

The Practicalities of Assessing Freezing of Gait

The Practicalities of Assessing Freezing of Gait

Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease: New and Emerging Targets for Refractory Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms

Implementation and Validation of a Stride Length Estimation Algorithm, Using a Single Basic Inertial Sensor on Healthy Subjects and Patients Suffering from Parkinson’s Disease

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