Detection of fungal 18S rRNA sequences in conjunction with marine nematode 18S rRNA amplicons

Bhadury, Punyasloke; Bridge, P. D.; Austen, Melanie C.; Bilton, David T.; Smerdon, Gary R.

doi:10.3354/ab00145

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Both RH1 and RH2 fungal sequence types show striking similarity with fungal sequences detected previously from the coastal waters of southwest England using a PCR-DGGE approach [15]. Moreover, the detection of these fungal sequences in selected nematode 18S rRNA amplicons of Terschellingia sp., Terschellingia longicaudata , Parodontophora sp., Viscosia viscosa, Sabatieria pulchra , Daptonema sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Molecular Diversity of Fungal Phylotypes Co-Amplified Alongside Nematodes from Coastal and Deep-Sea Marine Environments

et al. 2011

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Nematodes and fungi are both ubiquitous in marine environments, yet few studies have investigated relationships between these two groups. Microbial species share many well-documented interactions with both free-living and parasitic nematode species, and limited data from previous studies have suggested ecological associations between fungi and nematodes in benthic marine habitats. This study aimed to further document the taxonomy and distribution of fungal taxa often co-amplified from nematode specimens. A total of 15 fungal 18S rRNA phylotypes were isolated from nematode specimens representing both deep-sea and shallow water habitats; all fungal isolates displayed high pairwise sequence identities with published data in Genbank (99–100%) and unpublished high-throughput 454 environmental datasets (>95%). BLAST matches indicate marine fungal sequences amplified in this study broadly represent taxa within the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, and several phylotypes showed robust groupings with known taxa in phylogenetic topologies. In addition, some fungal phylotypes appeared to be present in disparate geographic habitats, suggesting cosmopolitan distributions or closely related species complexes in at least some marine fungi. The present study was only able to isolate fungal DNA from a restricted set of nematode taxa; further work is needed to fully investigate the taxonomic scope and function of nematode-fungal interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Molecular Diversity of Fungal Phylotypes Co-Amplified Alongside Nematodes from Coastal and Deep-Sea Marine Environments

et al. 2011

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“…Fungi and nematodes are highly abundant and diverse in marine ecosystems (19,22), but the nature of their interactions remains largely unknown (3,4). The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to provide morphological and genetic evidence to show that fungi (Microsporidia) can parasitize marine nematodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…We describe Sporanauta perivermis, a novel microsporidian species infecting the free-living marine nematode, Odontophora rectangula (family Axonolaimida). This is, to our knowledge, the first confirmed case of an interaction between a fungal group and nematodes in marine environments (3,4). Moreover, the characteristics of S. perivermis infection challenge our current understanding of how microsporidia and nematodes interact in the wild by providing a completely different infection pattern from that observed in the lab with N. parisii.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Microsporidian Infection in a Free-Living Marine Nematode

Ardila-Garcia

Fast

2012

Eukaryot Cell

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Microsporidia are unicellular fungi that are obligate endoparasites. Although nematodes are one of the most abundant and diverse animal groups, the only confirmed report of microsporidian infection was that of the "nematode killer" (Nematocida parisii). N. parisii was isolated from a wild Caenorhabditis sp. and causes an acute and lethal intestinal infection in a lab strain of Caenorhabditis elegans. We set out to characterize a microsporidian infection in a wild nematode to determine whether the infection pattern of N. parisii in the lab is typical of microsporidian infections in nematodes. We describe a novel microsporidian species named Sporanauta perivermis (marine spore of roundworms) and characterize its infection in its natural host, the freeliving marine nematode Odontophora rectangula. S. perivermis is not closely related to N. parisii and differs strikingly in all aspects of infection. Examination by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the infection was localized in the hypodermal and muscle tissues only and did not involve the intestines. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed infection in the muscle and hypodermis, and surprisingly, it also revealed that the parasite infects O. rectangula eggs, suggesting a vertical mode of transmission. Our observations highlight the importance of studying parasites in their natural hosts and indicate that not all nematode-infecting microsporidia are "nematode killers"; instead, microsporidiosis can be more versatile and chronic in the wild.

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“…Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms attached to the cuticula or present in the gut of nematodes will be co-extracted [45]. Diatoms and other microalgae are an important food source for many estuarine nematode species [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Use of Cytochrome Oxidase c Subunit 1 (COI) for DNA Barcoding of Free-Living Marine Nematodes

et al. 2010

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BackgroundThe identification of free-living marine nematodes is difficult because of the paucity of easily scorable diagnostic morphological characters. Consequently, molecular identification tools could solve this problem. Unfortunately, hitherto most of these tools relied on 18S rDNA and 28S rDNA sequences, which often lack sufficient resolution at the species level. In contrast, only a few mitochondrial COI data are available for free-living marine nematodes. Therefore, we investigate the amplification and sequencing success of two partitions of the COI gene, the M1-M6 barcoding region and the I3-M11 partition.MethodologyBoth partitions were analysed in 41 nematode species from a wide phylogenetic range. The taxon specific primers for the I3-M11 partition outperformed the universal M1-M6 primers in terms of amplification success (87.8% vs. 65.8%, respectively) and produced a higher number of bidirectional COI sequences (65.8% vs 39.0%, respectively). A threshold value of 5% K2P genetic divergence marked a clear DNA barcoding gap separating intra- and interspecific distances: 99.3% of all interspecific comparisons were >0.05, while 99.5% of all intraspecific comparisons were <0.05 K2P distance.ConclusionThe I3-M11 partition reliably identifies a wide range of marine nematodes, and our data show the need for a strict scrutiny of the obtained sequences, since contamination, nuclear pseudogenes and endosymbionts may confuse nematode species identification by COI sequences.

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Detection of fungal 18S rRNA sequences in conjunction with marine nematode 18S rRNA amplicons

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Molecular Diversity of Fungal Phylotypes Co-Amplified Alongside Nematodes from Coastal and Deep-Sea Marine Environments

Molecular Diversity of Fungal Phylotypes Co-Amplified Alongside Nematodes from Coastal and Deep-Sea Marine Environments

Microsporidian Infection in a Free-Living Marine Nematode

Exploring the Use of Cytochrome Oxidase c Subunit 1 (COI) for DNA Barcoding of Free-Living Marine Nematodes

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