Detection of Hammondia heydorni DNA in feces collected in and around an Ohio Wildlife Conservation Center

Sinnott, Devinn M.; Torres, K. Moreno; Wolfe, Barbara A.; Garabed, Rebecca; Marsh, Antoinette E.

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2016.08.003

Cited by 2 publications

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“…heydorni DNA in L. gymnocercus in this study is similar to previous reports in others wild canids [29,30] and is also similar to the detected in domestic dogs. Therefore, L. gymnocercus is suggested as a natural DH of H. heydorni in Argentina and future studies should be conducted in order to confirm the presence of the closely related protozoa N. caninum.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in intestine mucosal scrapings and fecal samples of Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus)

Scioscia

Gos

Denegri

et al. 2017

Parasitology International

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Sarcocystis spp. are obligatory intracellular protozoan parasites which can infect humans and animals. Most of Sarcocystis species were identified based on the detection of muscle cysts in different intermediate hosts (IH). Regarding to natural infection in definitive host, there are few reports which have reached to determining species of Sarcocystis. The present work was aimed to studying the occurrence of Sarcocystis spp. (oocysts and sporocysts) in mucosal scrapings of small intestine and fecal samples of one the most abundant wild canids from South America, Lycalopex gymnocercus (Pampas fox), and to identify the Sarcocystis spp. using molecular tools. A total of 131 free-living L. gymnocercus were sampled in rural areas located in several departments from Buenos Aires province, Argentina. Fecal samples from all the animals and 33 small intestines were analyzed. Fecal and mucosal scrapings samples were analyzed by sugar flotation method and once oocysts or sporocysts were detected, sedimentation was performed and DNA extracted with a commercial kit. A PCR was conducted using primers targeting a fragment of the 18S rRNA gene and the amplicons were purified and sequenced. Of the total Pampas foxes analyzed, 23 (17.6%) had Sarcocystis spp. oocysts/sporocysts in fecal and/or mucosal samples. Sarcocystis spp. sporocysts were detected in 13.0% (17/131) of fecal samples and in 39.4% (13/33) of mucosal samples by the initial sugar flotation. Twenty one L. gymnocercus samples were processed by DNA extraction and PCR. Molecular identification of Sarcocystis spp. infection was successfully achieved in 14 foxes and was distributed as follows: 4.6% S. cruzi (6/131), 3.8% Sarcocystis spp. using birds as IH (S. albifronsi and S. anasi among others, 5/131), 0.8% S. tenella (1/131) and 1.5% (2/131) with low homology (97%) with S. miescheriana. In one fecal sample with spherical oocysts, the sequencing results showed a 100% sequence identity with Hammondia heydorni. The results show that the mucosal scrapings are the eligible sample to identify prevalence and to proceed with species identification. Lycalopex gymnocercus is suggested as definitive host for S. cruzi, S. tenella and probably various Sarcocystis spp. using birds as intermediate hosts as well as for H. heydorni.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…heydorni in wildlife and few studies conducted molecular identifications [29].The detection rate of H.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in intestine mucosal scrapings and fecal samples of Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus)

Scioscia

Gos

Denegri

et al. 2017

Parasitology International

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Risk of environmental exposure to small coccidia from wild canid feces in rural Ohio

Moreno-Torres¹,

Sinnott²,

Wolfe³

et al. 2018

ajvr

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OBJECTIVE To determine the extent of environmental exposure to heteroxenous coccidia from wild canid feces in southeastern Ohio. SAMPLE 285 presumed wild canid fecal samples collected across an ecological system in southeastern Ohio. PROCEDURES Morphological classification and molecular analysis were used to determine the canid genus for collected fecal samples. Microscopic and molecular analysis were used to detect coccidian oocysts and DNA. Several variables were analyzed for associations with coccidian DNA detection or prevalence. RESULTS Coccidian DNA was detected in 51 of 285 (17.9%) fecal samples. Of those positive samples, 1% (95% confidence interval, 0.4% to 3%) had positive results for Hammondia heydorni and none had positive results for Neospora caninum, for an estimated environmental N caninum prevalence of 0% (95% confidence interval, 0% to 7%)/1-km2 hexagonal area evaluated. Morphological classification revealed that 78.9% (225/285) of fecal samples were from coyotes and 17.2% (49/285) were from foxes. No difference in proportions of coccidian DNA-positive fecal samples was identified among canid species. Environmental temperature and fecal freshness were associated with coccidian DNA detection. Land use type, relative canid density, and cattle density were not associated with the prevalence of coccidian DNA-positive samples. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The low prevalence of coccidia shed in wild canid feces in this study, including the estimated 0% environmental prevalence of N caninum, suggested that the role of the oocyst environmental phase in coccidia transmission to ruminants is likely minor in rural southeastern Ohio.

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Detection of Hammondia heydorni DNA in feces collected in and around an Ohio Wildlife Conservation Center

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in intestine mucosal scrapings and fecal samples of Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus)

Molecular characterization of Sarcocystis spp. in intestine mucosal scrapings and fecal samples of Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus)

Risk of environmental exposure to small coccidia from wild canid feces in rural Ohio

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