Detection of Hepatitis G Virus (HGV) RNA: Clinical Characteristics of Acute HGV Infection

Yashina, T. L.; Favorov, Michael O.; Khudyakov, Yuri; Fields, Howard A.; Знойко, О О; Шкурко, Т. В.; Bonafonte, T.; Sevall, J. Sanders; Agopian, Melkon S.; Peter, James B.

doi:10.1086/516460

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The nucleotide sequences are homologous (86%), indicating that they are closely related variants of the same virus Zuckerman, 1996;Yashina et al, 1997]. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the GBV-C genome was constrained; as a result, there is a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid sequence conservation between isolates from different geographical areas [Muerhoff et al, 1997b].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetic analysis showed that the GBV-C genome was constrained; as a result, there is a high degree of nucleotide and amino acid sequence conservation between isolates from different geographical areas [Muerhoff et al, 1997b]. The clinical effect of GBV-C/HGV, which is still debated, seems to be very low [Alter MJ et al, 1997;Feucht et al, 1997a;Martinot et al, 1997;Sampietro et al, 1997;Skidmore et al, 1997;Thomas et al, 1997;Yashina et al, 1997]. Replication in hepatocytes is controversial Saito et al, 1997], since it is also found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells [Saito et al, 1997;Radkowski et al, 1998].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sexual transmission also occurred [Stark et al, 1996;Rubio et al, 1997], as well as vertical transmission [Feucht et al, 1996;Fischler et al, 1997;Hino et al, 1998]. GBV-C/HGV may also be frequently found in patients with acute non-A-E hepatitis [Alter MJ et al, 1997;Kao et al, 1997;Wang and Jin, 1997], chronic hepatitis B [Linnen et al, 1996;Alter MJ et al, 1997;Kao et al, 1997;Wang and Jin, 1997] or C Bhardwaj et al, 1996;Dawson et al, 1996;Linnen et al, 1996;Tanaka et al, 1996;Alter HJ et al, 1997;Alter MJ et al, 1997;Feucht et al, 1997b;Kao et al, 1997;Wang and Jin, 1997;Yashina et al, 1997;Manolakopoulos et al, 1998], or with hepatocellular carcinoma [Linnen et al, 1996;Kao et al, 1997;Wang and Jin, 1997]; nevertheless, it does not seem to affect the progression of the associated hepatitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

et al. 1999

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Prevalence of GBV-C/HGV was determined in a cohort of HIV-infected patients, via a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction detection of RNA in serum, amplifying the NS5 region of GBV-C/HGV genome. GBV-C/HGV RNA was detected in 143 (37.7%) of 379 patients, with similar results in the different HIV risk groups: 25/56 (44.6%) in intravenous drug users, 66/161 (41%) in homo- and bisexual men, 35/108 (32.4%) in heterosexual patients, 6/20 (30%) in transfusion recipients (P=0.41). There was no difference according to the presence or absence of hepatitis C virus infection. In univariate analysis, GBV-C/HGV genome prevalence was lower in patients over 50 years old (18.2%), compared to other age groups (20-29 years: 34.2%; 30-39 years: 44.3%; 40-49 years: 36.7%, P=0.03), as well as in patients with normal CD4 cell count (29.2% vs. 45.4% between 200-500/mm3, and 35.3% below 200 CD4/mm3, P=0.012) and individuals with a chronic hepatitis B. However, in the multivariate analysis, the only prognostic factor of GBV-C/HGV RNA positivity was the presence of a chronic hepatitis B, compared to the absence of any HBV marker, or a previous exposition to HBV (presence of anti-HBc and/or anti-HBs, absence of HBsAg), or the presence of anti-HBs alone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High prevalence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

et al. 1999

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“…There is little evidence for clinically or biochemically apparent liver disease in those infected by blood transfusion [Wang et al, 1996;Alter et al, 1997aAlter et al, , 1997bYashina et al, 1997], and despite initial reports to the contrary [Yoshiba et al, 1995;Tameda et al, 1996], there is little evidence for an etiological role in fulminant hepatitis [Kao et al, 1996;Michitaka et al, 1996;Haydon et al, 1997;Kanda et al, 1997]. Similar difficulties surround the interpretation of studies investigating the role of GBV-C/HGV in chronic persistent hepatitis of unknown etiology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual transmission of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus

et al. 1998

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Although it is established that infection with GB virus C (GBV-C) or hepatitis G virus (HGV) can be transmitted parenterally, the prevalence of GBV-C/HGV viremia in the general population (2-5%) is relatively high compared with other parenterally borne viruses such as hepatitis C virus. To investigate the possibility of sexual transmission of GBV-C/HGV, we determined the frequency of viremia by the polymerase chain reaction and serological reactivity to the E2 protein by ELISA in samples collected from individuals at risk for sexually transmitted diseases attending a city genitourinary medicine clinic. GBV-C/HGV viremia was detected in 27 of 87 male homosexuals (31%) and 9 of 50 prostitutes (18%), frequencies significantly greater than those in matched controls (2/63) and local blood donors (2.3%). Among nonviremic individuals, a high frequency of serological reactivity to the E2 protein of GBV-C/HGV was also observed in the risk groups (male homosexuals: 14/60; prostitutes: 11/41), although these figures are likely to be underestimates of the frequency of past infection as detectable anti-E2 reactivity may attenuate rapidly over time following resolution of infection. Infection with GBV-C/HGV was more frequent among those coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Among male homosexuals from whom retrospective samples were available, evidence for de novo infection was found in 9 of 22 individuals over a mean sampling time of 2.9 years, predicting an annualized incidence of GBV-C/HGV infection of approximately 11% in this group. The high prevalence and incidence of GBV-C/HGV infection in these individuals and prostitutes provides strong evidence for its spread by sexual contact. Further studies are required to investigate the mechanism of its transmission and the clinical significance of acute and persistent infection in these risk groups.

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“…Hepatitis delta virus also contributes to the disease burden among individuals infected with hepatitis B virus, upon which it is dependent for replication (Polish et al 1993). The importance of a sixth hepatitis virus, hepatitis G, is less certain (Yashina et al 1997). Each hepatitis virus is distinct with characteristic patterns of transmission, clinical illness and long-term complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in Tanzanian adults

et al. 1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryIn a cross-sectional study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, we determined the seroprevalence of markers for hepatitis A, B, C and E viruses and examined associated risk markers. Among 403 healthy adults, the seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis A virus was 99.0% (95% confidence interval: 97.5-99.7). Prior exposure to hepatitis C and E viruses was rare (hepatitis C: 0.7% (0.2-2.1); hepatitis E: 0.2% (Ͻ 0.1-1.4)).The prevalence of all markers of hepatitis B was 70.7% (66.0-75.1). Hepatitis B surface antigen was identified in 6.0% (3.9-8.7) of subjects. Independent predictors of hepatitis B infection identified by logistic regression included older age, male gender, Muslim religion and type of abode. Given the high prevalence of hepatitis B and the low prevalence of hepatitis C, the majority of chronic viral hepatitis is likely to be associated with hepatitis B. Control efforts should focus primarily on hepatitis B.

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Detection of Hepatitis G Virus (HGV) RNA: Clinical Characteristics of Acute HGV Infection

Cited by 32 publications

References 19 publications

High prevalence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

High prevalence of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus RNA in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus

Sexual transmission of GB virus C/hepatitis G virus

Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis in Tanzanian adults

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