Detection of Human Cytomegalovirus in Different Histopathological Types of Glioma in Iraqi Patients

Shamran, Haidar A.; Kadhim, Haider Sabah; Hussain, Aws R.; Kareem, Abdulameer; Taub, Dennis D.; Price, Robert L.; Nagarkatti, Mitzi; Singh, Udai P.

doi:10.1155/2015/642652

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Most of this debate stems from the fact that different research groups, often using different assays, have generated evidence to support or refute the presence of HCMV in GBM tumors. There is a large amount of research supporting both sides of this issue (Amirian, Bondy, Mo, Bainbridge, & Scheurer, 2014; Baryawno et al, 2011; Baumgarten et al, 2014; Cosset et al, 2014; Fornara et al, 2016; Hashida et al, 2015; Holdhoff et al, 2015; Joseph, McDermott, Baryshnikova, Cobbs, & Ulasov, 2017; Khoury et al, 2013; Lehrer, Green, Rosenzweig, & Rendo, 2015; Libard et al, 2014; McFaline-Figueroa & Wen, 2017; Prins, Cloughesy, & Liau, 2008; Rahbar et al, 2012; Sardi et al, 2015; Schelhorn et al, 2013; Shamran et al, 2015; Solomon, Ramkissoon, Milner, & Folkerth, 2014; Stangherlin et al, 2016; Strong et al, 2016; Wolmer-Solberg et al, 2013) that we summarize in Fig. 1B–D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Lack of human cytomegalovirus expression in single cells from glioblastoma tumors and cell lines

Johnson

Abrams

et al. 2017

J. Neurovirol.

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The relationship between human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and glioblastoma (GBM) is an ongoing debate with extensive evidence supporting or refuting its existence through molecular assays, pre-clinical studies, and clinical trials. We focus primarily on the crux of the debate, detection of HCMV in GBM samples using molecular assays. We propose that these differences in detection could be affected by cellular heterogeneity. To take this into account we align the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) reads from 5 GBM tumors and 2 cell lines to HCMV, and analyze the alignments for evidence of i) complete viral transcripts and ii) low-abundance viral reads. We found that neither tumor nor cell line samples showed conclusive evidence of full HCMV viral transcripts. We also identified low-abundance reads aligned across all tumors, with two tumors having higher alignment rates than the rest of the tumor samples. This work is meant to rigorously test for HCMV RNA expression at a single cell level in GBM samples and examine the possible utility of single cell data in tumor virology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Lack of human cytomegalovirus expression in single cells from glioblastoma tumors and cell lines

Johnson

Abrams

et al. 2017

J. Neurovirol.

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“…Primary CMV infection has lifelong persistence, mostly an asymptomatic infection in a human host, and results in the development of a lifelong carrier status with periodic reactivation and shedding of the virus from mucosal sites [ 11 , 16 ]. Previous studies demonstrated that CMV is associated with various diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) [ 14 , 15 , 17 – 19 ], those affecting cognitive functioning [ 20 , 21 ], tumor [ 22 ], and type 2 diabetes mellitus [ 3 , 23 ], and even mortality [ 4 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High anti-human cytomegalovirus antibody levels are associated with the progression of essential hypertension and target organ damage in Han Chinese population

Tang

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with hypertension and has been linked with the pathogenesis of increased arterial blood pressure (BP). Currently, whether CMV infection is associated with the progression of hypertension and hypertensive target organ damage (TOD) remains to be identified. We aimed to examine the relationship between CMV infection and the progression of hypertension and hypertensive TOD, which could provide clues on the possible mediating mechanisms, in the Han Chinese population. A total of 372 patients with hypertension and 191 healthy controls (Han participants from Xinjiang, China) were included in the study. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qPCR were used to detect CMV infection. C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) titers were also analyzed using an ELISA kit. Moreover, cardiovascular disease markers were evaluated by echocardiography, carotid ultrasonography, and tomographic scans. Essential hypertension (EH) patients exhibited a marked increase in CMV IgG antibody, CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels. Higher grade of hypertension and hypertensive TOD had higher CMV IgG antibody and CRP levels. The CMV IgG antibody titers were positively correlated with arterial BP, greater grade of hypertension and hypertensive TOD, and CRP and IL-6 levels. The higher quartile of CMV IgG titer and CRP level were associated with the incidence of hypertension and the progression of hypertension and hypertensive TOD. In the Han Chinese population, high CMV IgG titers are associated with the progression of hypertension and hypertensive TOD. CMV IgG titer >4.25 U could be an independent predictor of hypertension and progression of hypertension, while that >4.85 U could be an independent risk factor for hypertensive TOD. The underlying mechanism may be largely mediated by chronic inflammation.

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“…Cosset et al, [53] [60] On the other hand, several recent studies have reported no association between HCMV and GBM. One study utilized several approaches including a prospective and retrospective analysis to detect the presence of HCMV in tissue, plasma, and serum of high-grade glioma (HGG) patients.…”

Section: Authors Number Of Samples Analyzed Detection Methods Analytementioning

confidence: 97%

The association between human cytomegalovirus and glioblastomas: a review

Hochhalter¹,

Carr²,

O’Neill³

et al. 2017

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was reported in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) over a decade ago and this finding has the potential to increase our understanding of the disease and it offers an alternative tumor-specific therapeutic target. Due of this promise, there is a fair amount of time, energy and money being directed towards understanding and utilizing this connection for eventual therapeutic purposes. Nevertheless, the association between GBM and HCMV remains controversial. Several studies have reported conflicting results, further undermining the potential clinical value of this association. In this review, the authors will discuss the latest developments on this evolving issue. Specifically, the results of the latest studies, both positive and negative, will be discussed. Furthermore, potential theories to explain discrepancies reported in the literature will be proposed. Clinical implications including potential targets for anti-HCMV therapy and the latest developments in anti-HCMV therapy will be presented. Finally, solutions to remedy this controversial issue in neuro-oncology will be offered. ReviewThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

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Detection of Human Cytomegalovirus in Different Histopathological Types of Glioma in Iraqi Patients

Cited by 27 publications

References 33 publications

Lack of human cytomegalovirus expression in single cells from glioblastoma tumors and cell lines

Lack of human cytomegalovirus expression in single cells from glioblastoma tumors and cell lines

High anti-human cytomegalovirus antibody levels are associated with the progression of essential hypertension and target organ damage in Han Chinese population

The association between human cytomegalovirus and glioblastomas: a review

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