Detection of incidence of Babesia spp. in sheep and goats by parasitological diagnostic techniques

Kage, Shakuntala; Mamatha, G. S.; Lakkundi, Jaya Nagappa; Shivashankar, Beechagondahalli Papanna; D’Souza, Placid E.

doi:10.1007/s12639-019-01109-3

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This rate is higher than that reported by Kage et al. (2019) (8/225; 3.55%) who used Giemsa‐stained blood smears from both suspected and healthy sheep in Karnataka state, India. However, in our study, we worked only on sheep with clinical symptoms of anaplasmosis and/or piroplasmosis and the sampled animals was low.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Infection by haemopathogens and tick infestation of sheep during summer season in Constantine region, Northeast Algeria

Foughali

Jedidi

Dhibi

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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A study on tick infestation of 43 sheep with clinical symptoms of piroplasmosis and anaplasmosis was carried out during summer seasons of 2016 and 2017 in 34 sheep flocks from Beni Hamidene locality, district of Constantine, Northeast Algeria. Only animals with clinical symptoms of piroplasmosis and/or anaplasmosis were checked for tick infestation. Among the 43 examined sheep, 58 ± 15% were infested by ticks. A total of 185 adult ticks (100 males and 85 females) were collected from the 25 sheep. Two tick genera, Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma consisting of four species were collected, Rhipicephalus bursa was the most frequent tick (164/185; 88.6 ± 4.6%), followed by Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (16/185; 8.6 ± 4%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus (4/185; 2.2 ± 2.1%) and Hyalomma scupense (1/185; 0.5 ± 1%). Mean overall tick infestation intensity was 7.4. Mixed infestations with two tick species were found in 10 sheep (23.3 ± 12.6%). All farmers (34/34) used ivermectin, and only 11% of them used acaricide to control ticks. The majority of R. bursa ticks (87/185; 45 ± 7%) were located on the ears 37/185; 20 ± 6%) and the testicles (50/185; 27 ± 6%). Giemsa‐stained blood smears examination showed the presence of three haemopathogens: Anaplasma spp. (19/43; 44 ± 15%); Babesia spp. (6/43; 14 ± 10%) and Theileria spp. (1/43; 2 ± 4%). These results showed the presence of several low infestation burdens by ticks transmitting three haemopathogens.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Infection by haemopathogens and tick infestation of sheep during summer season in Constantine region, Northeast Algeria

Foughali

Jedidi

Dhibi

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…In-clinic tests, stained (Giemsa, Diff-Quick, modified Wright’s stains) blood smears examination by light microscope is one of the most rapid and cheapest methods for detecting Babesia parasites in erythrocytes. In countries where other diagnostic methods are not available, Giemsa staining is considered the gold standard for babesiosis diagnosis in small ruminants [ 59 ]. However, the light microscopic examination may not be as sensitive and is also time-consuming in animals with a low parasitemia level due to randomly distributed parasites, especially in carrier animals that include sheep surviving after acute babesiosis with a persistent and chronic infection over time [ 46 ].…”

Section: Babesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaemia in Sheep Caused by Babesia and Theileria Haemoparasites

Villanueva‐Saz

Borobia

Fernández

et al. 2022

Animals

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Piroplasmoses in sheep are caused by vector-borne apicomplexan protozoa, Babesia and Theileria. Different species are responsible for the disease; some species are more pathogenic than others and have a worldwide distribution. In this sense, these causative agents can cause anaemia in flocks. In general, these vector-borne diseases infect small ruminants and cause host-mediated pathology. In the case of Babesia species, a combination of different mechanisms is involved: red blood cell lysis due to intracellular parasite multiplication, activation of biogenic amines and the coagulation system with the possibility of disseminated intravascular coagulation. By contrast, less information is available on the different immunopathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of anaemia in sheep with theileriosis. However, the mechanisms of pathogenic action in theileriosis are similar to those studied in babesiosis. Diagnosis is based on compatible clinical signs, laboratory findings, specific diagnostic tests and the presence of the tick vector. Some of these tests detect the causative agent itself, such as direct identification by light microscopy and molecular analysis. In contrast, other tests detect the sheep’s immune response to the organism by serology. Both diseases pose a significant diagnostic challenge for veterinary practitioners around the world. This review presents the most frequent clinical signs, pathogenesis and clinicopathological findings, diagnosis.

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“…Vector-borne apicomplexan protozoa, Babesia and Theileria are the main causative agents for piroplasmoses ( Esmaeilnejad et al ., 2020 ; Villanueva-Saz et al ., 2022 ). Babesiosis is considered in tropical and subtropical regions as an important economic disease ( Kage et al ., 2019 ). Several species of Babesia can infect sheep and goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discolored urine in sheep and goats: Clinical, etiological, hematobiochemical, sonographic and postmortem findings

Tharwat,

Hegazy,

Alkheraif

2024

Open Vet J

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Background: Bloody urine is classified in farm animals as hematuria, hemoglobinuria and myoglobinuria. In small ruminants, discolored urine is reported due to several etiologies which is sometimes fatal. Of these causes are babesiosis, bacillary hemoglobinuria, copper toxicity and hypophosphatemia. Aim: This study was designed to investigate the clinical, etiological, hematobiochemical, ultrasonographic and pathological findings in rams and bucks with red urine syndrome. Methods: Eighteen male animals (9 rams and 9 bucks) of 6 months to 3 years examined. Parallel, 10 healthy controls were used. They were admitted due to red urine, voiding of only urine drops, straining during the act of urination, grunting during urination, ventral abdominal edema and abdominal distension. Duration of the disease ranged from 2 to 30 days. A history of chronic copper toxicosis was informed in 2 bucks and a ram. Two blood samples were collected from diseased as well as from controls in EDTA tubes (for complete blood count testing) and in plain tubes (for serum collection). Results: Hematuria was found in 11 animals (7 bucks and 4 rams) while hemoglobinuria was detected in 7 animals (5 bucks and 2 rams). Sonographic findings in diseased animals included ruptured urinary bladder in 3, ruptured urethra in 5, penile calculi, uroperitoneum in 6, distended urinary bladder in 7, hydronephrosis in 5, echogenic deposits in the bladder in 3 and ventral urine accumulation in 4 animals. Laboratory evaluation of Geimsa-stained blood smear confirmed the infection with Babesia in three bucks and a ram. Hemolytic anemia was marked in 2 bucks and a ram due to chronic copper toxicity. Biochemical abnormalities included hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, increased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine concentration and hyperglycemia. Postmortem examination was carried out on 6 animals (4 rams and 2 bucks). Conclusion: Discolored urine in rams and bucks in this study resulted from hematuria due to urinary calculi and pelvic abscessation or from hemoglobinuria due to Babesia infection or due to copper toxicity. Hemolytic anemia was the outstanding hematological finding and hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, increased BUN and creatinine and hyperglycemia were the characteristic biochemical findings. Sonography of the urinary tract was very helpful in assessing the renal parenchyma, urinary bladder and the abdominal cavity for the verification of urolithiasis, hydronephrosis, intact or ruptured urinary bladder, uroperitoneum and perforated urethra.

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Detection of incidence of Babesia spp. in sheep and goats by parasitological diagnostic techniques

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Infection by haemopathogens and tick infestation of sheep during summer season in Constantine region, Northeast Algeria

Infection by haemopathogens and tick infestation of sheep during summer season in Constantine region, Northeast Algeria

Anaemia in Sheep Caused by Babesia and Theileria Haemoparasites

Discolored urine in sheep and goats: Clinical, etiological, hematobiochemical, sonographic and postmortem findings

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