Detection of Lard Adulteration in Wheat Biscuits Using Chemometrics-Assisted GCMS and Random Forest

Azizan, Nur Inani; Mokhtar, Nur Fadhilah Khairil; Arshad, Syariena; Sharin, Siti Nurhidayah; Mohamad, Nornazliya; Mustafa, Shuhaimi; Hashim, Amalia Mohd

doi:10.1007/s12161-021-02046-9

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The study by Azizan et al (2021) was conducted to detect lard adulterated wheat biscuits using chemometrics and machine learning-assisted GCMS. Oil was extracted from the laboratory-prepared wheat biscuits using the Soxhlet extraction method, converted to fatty acid methyl ester and analysed using GCMS.…”

Section: Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Halal Concerns on Lard in Food Products and its Detection Methods

Zainal Abidin,

Nizar,

Ahmad Nizar

et al. 2023

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Lard refers to a creamy, white, soft substance made from pig fat and used in cooking and baking. Lard not only has the risk of biological complications and health problems associated with regular consumption, but also has other issues such as the restriction on use in the food industry from the perspective of the Muslim religion. There are few literature studies that show several issues related to the adulteration of food products, especially halal meat. This issue must be resolved to avoid confusion for Muslims. Therefore, laboratory analysis on meat species authentication is highly necessary. There are different available methods to detect different species in food samples, including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Electronic Nose (e-nose), Duplex PCR-Enzyme-linked Oligonucleotide Assay (ELONA), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), and Rapid PCR. This article aims to review the application of lard in food, cases related to halal and methods to detect the presence of lard.

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Section: Gas Chromatographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Halal Concerns on Lard in Food Products and its Detection Methods

Zainal Abidin,

Nizar,

Ahmad Nizar

et al. 2023

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“…Cluster analysis is used to divide groups based on their equations [ 54 , 55 ]. In metabolomic or lipidomic analyses, this method is used to group samples based on predetermined metabolites or lipids [ 56 ], according to the statistical analysis conducted [ 57 ]. LDA, on the other hand, is able to distinguish different types of meat based on their metabolite or lipid profiles [ 58 ], such as differentiating between domestic pork species based on their lipid profiles [ 59 ].…”

Section: Chemometricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Chemometrics in Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis Data Presentation for Halal Authentication of Meat Products

et al. 2022

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The halal status of meat products is an important factor being considered by many parties, especially Muslims. Analytical methods that have good specificity for the authentication of halal meat products are important as quality assurance to consumers. Metabolomic and lipidomic are two useful strategies in distinguishing halal and non-halal meat. Metabolomic and lipidomic analysis produce a large amount of data, thus chemometrics are needed to interpret and simplify the analytical data to ease understanding. This review explored the published literature indexed in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar on the application of chemometrics as a tool in handling the large amount of data generated from metabolomic and lipidomic studies specifically in the halal authentication of meat products. The type of chemometric methods used is described and the efficiency of time in distinguishing the halal and non-halal meat products using chemometrics methods such as PCA, HCA, PLS-DA, and OPLS-DA is discussed.

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“…One thing that is starting to be developed is a rapid testing tool. In Indonesia, immunochromatography-based and fatty acid content-based test kits have been circulating for pork contamination (Al-Kahtani et al, 2014;Azir et al, 2017;Azizan et al, 2021). However, it is necessary to test the detection capabilities of identification tools circulating in Indonesia as a reference for testing the halalness of processed meat-based food products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of commercial rapid test kit to pork contamination in processed foods

Putri,

Safitra

2024

J. Halal Sci. Res.

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Guaranteeing halal products has now become a necessity, especially for food products. This is intended to ensure that the food produced is not contaminated with non-halal ingredients, including pork. Pork contamination in processed meat foods such as meatballs is still often found. Various tests can be done to detect the presence of pork in processed foods. One of them is a rapid test using the LFIA method. This test is widely used because it is more efficient, economical, and easy to prepare samples. A rapid pork contamination test kit (XEMA) has been circulating in Indonesia. In the research, the sensitivity of this rapid test kit was tested on processed meat foods with various concentrations of pork and variations in the main ingredients. The color test shows that the simulated samples of beef meatballs without added pork are dark greyish white, as are the simulated samples with concentrations of 1% and 10%. Meanwhile, samples with concentrations of 20% and 40% have a paler color. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the variation in pork concentration in meatballs with the main ingredients of chicken and fish. For smell and texture, there were no significant differences in the simulated samples, both the control and samples with varying concentrations. From testing, it is known that the test kit can detect the presence of pork up to a concentration of 10% in samples, with the main ingredients being beef, chicken, or fish. These results indicate that this rapid test kit can well detect pork contamination in processed food samples.

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Detection of Lard Adulteration in Wheat Biscuits Using Chemometrics-Assisted GCMS and Random Forest

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Halal Concerns on Lard in Food Products and its Detection Methods

Halal Concerns on Lard in Food Products and its Detection Methods

The Application of Chemometrics in Metabolomic and Lipidomic Analysis Data Presentation for Halal Authentication of Meat Products

Sensitivity of commercial rapid test kit to pork contamination in processed foods

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