Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis

Ramli, Syazwani; Talib, Rosnita A.; Rahman, Russly Abdul; Zainuddin, Norhazlin; Othman, Siti Hajar; Rashid, Norma Mohammad

doi:10.1155/2015/502340

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Therefore, lard was isolated from pig fat tissue using a heat treatment which is typically used in food science [ 41 , 42 ]. Depending on the type of tissue, pig fat differs in composition and Tm value [ 43 ], and in this study, the fat around the intestines was used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lard Injection Matrix for Serial Crystallography

Nam

2020

IJMS

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Serial crystallography (SX) using X-ray free electron laser or synchrotron X-ray allows for the determination of structures, at room temperature, with reduced radiation damage. Moreover, it allows for the study of structural dynamics of macromolecules using a time-resolved pump-probe, as well as mix-and-inject experiments. Delivering a crystal sample using a viscous medium decreases sample consumption by lowering the flow rate while being extruded from the injector or syringe as compared to a liquid jet injector. Since the environment of crystal samples varies, continuous development of the delivery medium is important for extended SX applications. Herein, I report the preparation and characterization of a lard-based sample delivery medium for SX. This material was obtained using heat treatment, and then the soluble impurities were removed through phase separation. The lard injection medium was highly stable and could be injected via a syringe needle extruded at room temperature with a flow rate < 200 nL/min. Serial millisecond crystallography experiments were performed using lard, and the room temperature structures of lysozyme and glucose isomerase embedded in lard at 1.75 and 1.80 Å, respectively, were determined. The lard medium showed X-ray background scattering similar or relatively lower than shortenings and lipidic cubic phase; therefore, it can be used as sample delivery medium in SX experiments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lard Injection Matrix for Serial Crystallography

Nam

2020

IJMS

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“…The FTIR results were further analyzed using PCA method and clear separation between the lard and food samples was observed on the PCA score plot. Besides food products, lard is also used in cosmetics (Rohman et al., ) and printing inks (Ramli et al., ). Rohman et al.…”

Section: Chemometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ramli et al. () applied FTIR with PCA method to analyze the presence of lard in the printing ink used for food packaging films. Lard and printed packaging samples were analyzed using FTIR and further classified based on the PCA score plot.…”

Section: Chemometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical and Chemometric Methods for Halal Authentication of Gelatin: An Overview

Hassan

Ahmad

Zain

2018

Journal of Food Science

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The issue of food authenticity has become a concern among religious adherents, particularly Muslims, due to the possible presence of nonhalal ingredients in foods as well as other commercial products. One of the nonhalal ingredients that commonly found in food and pharmaceutical products is gelatin which extracted from porcine source. Bovine and fish gelatin are also becoming the main commercial sources of gelatin. However, unclear information and labeling regarding the actual sources of gelatin in food and pharmaceutical products have become the main concern in halal authenticity issue since porcine consumption is prohibited for Muslims. Hence, numerous analytical methods involving chemical and chemometric analysis have been developed to identify the sources of gelatin. Chemical analysis techniques such as biochemical, chromatography, electrophoretic, and spectroscopic are usually combined with chemometric and mathematical methods such as principal component analysis, cluster, discriminant, and Fourier transform analysis for the gelatin classification. A sample result from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, which combines Fourier transform and spectroscopic technique, is included in this paper. This paper presents an overview of chemical and chemometric methods involved in identification of different types of gelatin, which is important for halal authentication purposes.

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“…Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and PLS-discriminant analysis (DA) are supervised pattern recognition. 24,26) Spectroscopic analysis combined with SIMCA and PLS-DA has often been applied to the analysis of such items as foods, [27][28][29][30][31][32][33] plants, [34][35][36] oils, 37,38) inks, 39) banknotes, 40) and cloth, 41) and its effectiveness has been evaluated. Although the usefulness of spectroscopic analysis combined with multivariate analysis is also being investigated in pharmaceuticals, [42][43][44][45][46][47] the method should be validated with falsified products that are actually distributed on the market.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection Method of Falsified Medicines by Using a Low-Cost Raman Scattering Spectrometer Combined with Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis

Sanada

Yoshida

Kimura

et al. 2021

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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There are many reports of falsified medicines that may cause harm to patients. A rapid and simple method of identifying falsified medicines that could be used in the field is required. Although Raman scattering spectroscopy has become popular as a non-destructive analysis, few validation experiments on falsified medicines that are actually distributed on the market have been conducted. In this study, we validated a discriminant analysis using an ultra-compact, portable, and low-cost Raman scattering spectrometer combined with multivariate analysis. The medicines were three types of erectile dysfunction therapeutic tablet and one type of antifungal tablet: tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil hydrochloride (Levitra), sildenafil citrate (Viagra), and fluconazole (Diflucan), which is sometimes advertised as female Viagra. For each medicine, the authentic standard product and products obtained by personal import via the internet (genuine or falsified) were used. Discriminant analyses were performed on the Raman spectra combined with soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). It was possible to identify all falsified samples by SIMCA using the standard product model for all four products. Using the PLS-DA using the PLS models of the four standard products, falsified Levitra and Diflucan samples were classified correctly, although some falsified Cialis and all Viagra samples also belonged to the standard class. In this study, SIMCA might be more suitable than PLS-DA for identifying falsified medicines. A spectroscopic module that combines the low-cost Raman scattering spectroscopy with SIMCA might contribute to the rapid identification of falsified medicines in the field.

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Detection of Lard in Ink Extracted from Printed Food Packaging Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Lard Injection Matrix for Serial Crystallography

Lard Injection Matrix for Serial Crystallography

Chemical and Chemometric Methods for Halal Authentication of Gelatin: An Overview

Detection Method of Falsified Medicines by Using a Low-Cost Raman Scattering Spectrometer Combined with Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis

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