Detection of Leishmania donovani soluble antigen and antibody in the urine of visceral leishmaniasis patients

Kohanteb, J; Ardehali, S.; Rezai, Hamid R.

doi:10.1016/0035-9203(87)90414-7

Cited by 39 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Using Western blot, Kohanteb et al [14] in 1987 performed a study of the urine of patients with leishmaniasis, in which they described the presence of mainly IgG, and to a lesser degree IgA. Similarly to our study, Kohanteb et al [14] found IgA exclusively in samples in which IgG was also found. In the present study, 13/15 dogs that showed IgG displayed signs of renal failure that would explain the passage of this immunoglobulin across the glomerular filtration barrier.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

SDS-PAGE and Western blot of urinary proteins in dogs with leishmaniasis

et al. 2003

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-Canine leishmaniasis is an endemic disease in the Mediterranean area caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, which usually produces renal failure. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot using antibodies to IgG and IgA from dogs were carried out in the urine of 22 dogs with leishmaniasis diagnosed by ELISA and confirmed by PCR, and 20 healthy dogs. The results were compared to renal function laboratory tests and to those from a histopathological study of the kidneys from sick animals that died naturally or were euthanized. Five different bands with molecular weights ranging from 10 to 110 kDa were obtained from the electrophoresis of the urine of healthy dogs. 33.5% of total proteins corresponded to low molecular weight proteins and the other proteins had middle and high molecular weights. However, in the group with leishmaniasis, a maximum of 11 different bands with molecular weights ranging from 10 kDa to 150 kDa were displayed in the electrophoresis of the urine. The urine electrophoretic pattern in the sick dogs was classified as mixed (proteins with high and low molecular weights) because low molecular weight proteins made up 57.9% and the rest of the proteins had middle and high molecular weights. In Western blot, none of the healthy dogs showed excretion of IgG and/or IgA, whereas IgG and IgA were detected in the Western blot of urine of 68% and 55% respectively of dogs with leishmaniasis. The results obtained in the leishmaniasis group agreed with glomerular and tubular damage, which were confirmed by the histopathological findings. leishmaniasis / proteinuria / dog / SDS-PAGE / Western blot

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

SDS-PAGE and Western blot of urinary proteins in dogs with leishmaniasis

et al. 2003

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“…Moreover, several infectious diseases are diagnosed by the finding of specific antibodies in urine, such as Helicobacter pylori infection (18), filariasis (17), or schistosomiasis (35). The presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies in the urine of human patients with visceral leishmaniasis (16,20) and in the urine of L. donovani-infected hamsters (34) has also been described. In contrast, there is a lack of information about immunoglobulins in the urine of healthy and sick dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All positive samples (urine and serum samples) recognized numerous polypeptide fractions of the L. infantum antigen with masses ranging from 12 to 85 kDa, with most bands at 16 to 69 kDa. The most frequent polypeptide fractions observed in both urine and serum samples were those of 14,16,20,30,31,48, and 69 kDa. The immunoblot analysis did not reveal any polypeptide fractions of the L. infantum antigen in ELISA-negative urine samples.…”

Section: Detection Of Anti-leishmania Antibodies In Urine Samples By mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have also been found, but less frequently, in the aqueous humor (14) and cerebrospinal fluid (39). Moreover, investigators have detected anti-Leishmania antibodies in the urine of human patients with visceral leishmaniasis (20) and in the urine of Leishmania donovani-infected hamsters in association with glomerulonephritis (34). Nevertheless, a review of the literature failed to identify the detection of antiLeishmania antibodies in urine samples from dogs with leishmaniasis.…”

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Detection of Anti-LeishmaniaImmunoglobulin G Antibodies in Urine Specimens of Dogs with Leishmaniasis

Solano‐Gallego

Rodríguez

Iniesta

et al. 2003

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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For years, anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies have been detected in the sera of dogs living in areas of leishmaniasis endemicity. They have also been found in the aqueous humor and cerebrospinal fluid. In contrast, a review of the literature failed to identify the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in urine samples from dogs with leishmaniasis. Ninety-five dog urine samples were examined for the presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies by using a protein A enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Twenty additional urine samples were collected from healthy dogs as controls. An IgG2 ELISA was performed on 26 urine samples found positive by the protein A ELISA. Twenty-three urine samples found positive to anti-Leishmania antibodies were tested for the local production of anti-Leishmania antibodies in the urinary tract by means of the urine antibody coefficient. Ten urine samples (and the corresponding serum samples) were compared by Western blot (WB) analysis. Thirty-five out of the 95 urine samples were found positive, 57 were found negative, and 3 were found inconclusive for antibody detection by the protein A ELISA. A high correlation between protein A and IgG2 levels was found in positive urine samples. Anti-Leishmania antibodies were present in the urine of dogs that had leishmaniasis, urinary protein/creatinine (U P/C) ratios of greater than one, and normal urinary sediment. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the U P/C ratios and the levels of anti-Leishmania antibodies in positive urine samples. In general, WB analysis and the urine antibody coefficient suggested that the presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies in urine was the consequence of an impairment of filtration of the glomerular barrier. However, in some dogs, WB analysis could be interpreted as suggesting that the presence of anti-Leishmania antibodies was caused, to a lesser extent, by local antibody production in the urinary tract. Antibody detection in urine could be a noninvasive method for leishmaniasis diagnosis and prognosis in dogs with glomerulonephropathies.Canine leishmaniasis, caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania infantum, is a severe systemic disease highly prevalent in the Mediterranean basin. Clinical manifestations of the disease include nonpruritic skin lesions, such as exfoliative dermatitis and ulcerations; local or generalized lymphadenopathy; loss of weight; poor appetite; ocular lesions; epistaxis; lameness; renal failure; and diarrhea (8,12,21,36). Dogs with leishmaniasis have high anti-Leishmania immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels in sera (23), and clinicopathological findings include anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperglobulinemia, hypercreatinemia, and proteinuria (22).In the vast majority of cases, the fatal course of canine leishmaniasis is due to renal involvement (5, 32). The major renal lesion in canine (32) and human (7, 11) leishmaniasis is glomerulonephritis. However, interstitial nephritis, tubular nephropathy, and glomerular amyloidosis in conjunction with glomer...

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“…Many of these problems may be avoided by searching for antigens in the urine. Several studies have demonstrated Leishmania antigens in the urine of VL patients and animals using different techniques including double countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis (22), ELISA (3,20,36), and Western blotting (13). Recently, a latex agglutination test (KAtex kit) to detect Leishmania antigen in urine showed 100% specificity and 47 to 100% sensitivity in different studies with immunocompetent patients (2,32) and 96 to 100% specificity and 85 to 100% sensitivity in immunodepressed patients (31,37).…”

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Comparison of New Diagnostic Tools for Management of Pediatric Mediterranean Visceral Leishmaniasis

et al. 2006

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New techniques are available for diagnosing leishmaniasis, but their efficacy in the identification of pediatric visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has not been compared with that of traditional methods. Blood, bone marrow, and urine samples were taken from 25 children with VL during their first clinical episode, 22 days after the start of treatment with liposomal amphotericin B (3 mg/kg/day on 6 days over a 10-day period), and when a relapse was suspected during follow-up. The results obtained suggest that antibody detection techniques, the antigen detection in urine (KAtex kit), and Leishmania nested PCR (LnPCR) analysis of the blood could be used for diagnosis of the first clinical episode. After treatment, clinical improvement was associated with negativization of Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle culture and microscopy of bone marrow aspirate, KAtex test, and LnPCR blood analysis results. Interestingly, LnPCR analysis of the bone marrow aspirate showed that sterile cure was not achieved in eight patients, two of which suffered a relapse within 10 to 20 weeks. All of the new noninvasive techniques tested showed high diagnostic sensitivity. However, LnPCR analysis of the bone marrow was the most sensitive; this test was able to detect the persistence of parasites and predict potential relapses.

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Detection of Leishmania donovani soluble antigen and antibody in the urine of visceral leishmaniasis patients

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

SDS-PAGE and Western blot of urinary proteins in dogs with leishmaniasis

SDS-PAGE and Western blot of urinary proteins in dogs with leishmaniasis

Detection of Anti-LeishmaniaImmunoglobulin G Antibodies in Urine Specimens of Dogs with Leishmaniasis

Comparison of New Diagnostic Tools for Management of Pediatric Mediterranean Visceral Leishmaniasis

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