Detection of Lotmaria passim, Crithidia mellificae and Replicative Forms of Deformed Wing Virus and Kashmir Bee Virus in the Small Hive Beetle (Aethina tumida)

Nanetti, Antonio; Cardaio, Ilaria; Cilia, Giovanni

doi:10.3390/pathogens10030372

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…The virus was identified not only in species living in close contact with the honey bees, like A. tumida , G. mellonella, Vespa spp. [ 39 , 45 , 47 , 81 , 82 ], but also in Apis and non- Apis species that may act as incidental hosts [ 38 , 39 ]. DWV was found in naturally and artificially infected asymptomatic arthropods [ 38 , 39 , 54 , 59 , 79 ], although some commercial and wild B. terrestris and B. pascuorum individuals were found with crippled wings [ 68 , 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DWV was found in naturally and artificially infected asymptomatic arthropods [ 38 , 39 , 54 , 59 , 79 ], although some commercial and wild B. terrestris and B. pascuorum individuals were found with crippled wings [ 68 , 69 ]. Besides, artificial infection experiments highlighted that DWV reduced the individual lifespan in some Bombus species [ 40 , 83 , 84 , 85 ] or generate reinfection in the honey bees [ 38 , 39 , 81 , 82 , 86 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…KBV is a non-enveloped ssRNA (+) virus belonging to the Cripavirus genus within the Dicistroviridae family [ 28 , 81 , 87 ]. The genome of KBV is strictly related to ABPV (Acute Bee Paralysis Virus) and IAPV (Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus) [ 88 , 89 , 90 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 38 ], wasps, hornets [ 46 , 91 , 94 , 95 ], and ants [ 49 , 91 ]. It was also detected in A. tumida [ 39 , 81 ], Galleria melonella , earwigs, roaches and crickets [ 39 , 91 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogens Spillover from Honey Bees to Other Arthropods

2021

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Honey bees, and pollinators in general, play a major role in the health of ecosystems. There is a consensus about the steady decrease in pollinator populations, which raises global ecological concern. Several drivers are implicated in this threat. Among them, honey bee pathogens are transmitted to other arthropods populations, including wild and managed pollinators. The western honey bee, Apis mellifera, is quasi-globally spread. This successful species acted as and, in some cases, became a maintenance host for pathogens. This systematic review collects and summarizes spillover cases having in common Apis mellifera as the mainteinance host and some of its pathogens. The reports are grouped by final host species and condition, year, and geographic area of detection and the co-occurrence in the same host. A total of eighty-one articles in the time frame 1960–2021 were included. The reported spillover cases cover a wide range of hymenopteran host species, generally living in close contact with or sharing the same environmental resources as the honey bees. They also involve non-hymenopteran arthropods, like spiders and roaches, which are either likely or unlikely to live in close proximity to honey bees. Specific studies should consider host-dependent pathogen modifications and effects on involved host species. Both the plasticity of bee pathogens and the ecological consequences of spillover suggest a holistic approach to bee health and the implementation of a One Health approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 38 ], wasps, hornets [ 46 , 91 , 94 , 95 ], and ants [ 49 , 91 ]. It was also detected in A. tumida [ 39 , 81 ], Galleria melonella , earwigs, roaches and crickets [ 39 , 91 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogens Spillover from Honey Bees to Other Arthropods

2021

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“…Several studies highlight that bees other than A. mellifera can be infected by the DWV [ 22 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 41 , 52 ]. Additionally, the virus has been detected in the hornets Vespa crabro and Vespa velutina [ 19 , 20 ], wasp Vespula vulgaris [ 53 ], invasive ant Linepithema humile [ 21 ], and beetle Aethina tumida [ 27 , 54 , 55 ]. This shows that spillover may occur between both close superfamilies (Apoidea, Vespidae) and insect species belonging to relatively distant groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replicative Deformed Wing Virus Found in the Head of Adults from Symptomatic Commercial Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Colonies

Cilia

Zavatta

Ranalli

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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The deformed wing virus (DWV) is one of the most common honey bee pathogens. The virus may also be detected in other insect species, including Bombus terrestris adults from wild and managed colonies. In this study, individuals of all stages, castes, and sexes were sampled from three commercial colonies exhibiting the presence of deformed workers and analysed for the presence of DWV. Adults (deformed individuals, gynes, workers, males) had their head exscinded from the rest of the body and the two parts were analysed separately by RT-PCR. Juvenile stages (pupae, larvae, and eggs) were analysed undissected. All individuals tested positive for replicative DWV, but deformed adults showed a higher number of copies compared to asymptomatic individuals. Moreover, they showed viral infection in their heads. Sequence analysis indicated that the obtained DWV amplicons belonged to a strain isolated in the United Kingdom. Further studies are needed to characterize the specific DWV target organs in the bumblebees. The result of this study indicates the evidence of DWV infection in B. terrestris specimens that could cause wing deformities, suggesting a relationship between the deformities and the virus localization in the head. Further studies are needed to define if a specific organ could be a target in symptomatic bumblebees.

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Pathogen occurrence in different developmental stages of the invasive Vespa velutina nigrithorax (Buysson, 1905)

Cilia,

Caringi,

Zavatta

et al. 2024

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDThe yellow‐legged hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) is a predatory species native to South‐East Asia. The hornet is invasive in Europe, spreading to several countries and becoming a pest for Apis mellifera due to its behaviour of preying in front of apiaries. The aim of this study was (i) to investigate the presence of honey bee pathogens within the developmental stages of V. velutina after neutralizing a nest in Bologna province (Emilia‐Romagna, Italy) and (ii) to analyze the mitochondrial DNA to determine if the population derived from the population initially introduced in Europe.RESULTSThe results indicated that deformed wing virus (82.76%) and Nosema ceranae (67.28%) were the most prevalent pathogens. Deformed wing virus, N. ceranae and sacbrood virus were found in all investigated stages, while chronic bee paralysis virus and Kashmir bee virus were exclusively found in foraging adults. All detected viruses were found to be replicative, highlighting active infection in the hosts. The mtDNA analysis demonstrated that the origin derived from the invasive population arrived in France.CONCLUSIONThis study underscores the importance of further research to understand the effect of interspecific transmission, especially concerning the potential role of these pathogens as a biocontrol for the invasive V. velutina nigrithorax. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Detection of Lotmaria passim, Crithidia mellificae and Replicative Forms of Deformed Wing Virus and Kashmir Bee Virus in the Small Hive Beetle (Aethina tumida)

Cited by 23 publications

References 82 publications

Pathogens Spillover from Honey Bees to Other Arthropods

Pathogens Spillover from Honey Bees to Other Arthropods

Replicative Deformed Wing Virus Found in the Head of Adults from Symptomatic Commercial Bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) Colonies

Pathogen occurrence in different developmental stages of the invasive Vespa velutina nigrithorax (Buysson, 1905)

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