Detection of low molecular weight aldehydes in aqueous solution by membrane introduction mass spectrometry

Tk, Choudhury; Kotiaho, Tapio; Cooks, R. Graham

doi:10.1016/0039-9140(92)80063-j

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However they gave unexpectedly high detection limits with i‐butene‐DCI (100–500 ppb). It has previously been shown that, under conditions similar to ours, electron capture chemical ionisation (ECCI) used together with MIMS is very efficient for the detection of electronegative compounds 19–21. The high detection limits observed with i‐butene‐DCI might be explained by an excessive production of sample‐derived negative ions instead of the positive ions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Direct detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, estrogenic compounds and pesticides in water using desorption chemical ionisation membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Aggerholm¹,

Lauritsen²

2001

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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This paper describes the use of desorption chemical ionisation membrane inlet mass spectrometry (DCI-MIMS) for the detection of a broad range of common contaminants in water. In addition, we discuss the advantages/disadvantages of two different types of chemical ionisation reagent gases, i-butene (a Broensted acid reagent) and argon (a charge exchange reagent). We found that polyaromatic hydrocarbons was detectable at ppt levels, the estrogenic compounds diethyl phthalate and octylphenol at high ppt levels, steroid hormones at ppb levels, hydrophobic pesticides at low ppb levels, whereas hydrophilic pesticides and bisphenol A were not detectable at all. With the exception of the polyaromatic hydrocarbons and pentachlorophenol, none of the reported compounds have to our knowledge been detected previously by other MIMS systems. In most cases the Broensted acid reagent gave characteristic ions at high mass/charge ratio, whereas the charge exchange reagent gave less characteristic ions at low m/z ratio. However, the sensitivity was generally not as good with the Broensted acid reagent as with the charge exchange reagent, since the Broensted acid reagent, i-butene, gave a large chemical background.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Direct detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, estrogenic compounds and pesticides in water using desorption chemical ionisation membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Aggerholm¹,

Lauritsen²

2001

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…Samples were introduced using a direct insertion membrane probe (DIMP) with a tubular polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane (Technical Products, Decatur, GA, USA) of 0.025 in id and 0.047 in od. Sample flow was controlled by a Gilson (Middleton, WI, USA) Minipuls 3 peristaltic pump (Model M313) with a fixed flow rate of 0.8 mL min 21 . The solution temperature was maintained at 83 °C, as monitored using a direct insertion probe temperature controller (Finnigan MAT).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,20 NCI can also be used in conjunction with MIMS. 21 Along with its unique selectivity, NCI experiments that use electron capture have been shown to provide an increase in sensitivity of two to three orders of magnitude relative to the sensitivity available under positive ion CI conditions. 22 Chlorinated hydrocarbons, including chlorinated phenolic compounds, have been listed in the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) and as possible endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of pentachlorophenol by negative ion chemical ionization with membrane introduction mass spectrometry

Blake

Zheng

Aggerholm

et al. 2002

Analyst

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Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was used as a model compound to explore the potential of desorption chemical ionization (DCI) in the determination of polychlorinated pesticides using membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS). A direct insertion membrane probe was modified so that a chemical ionization plasma could be established at the membrane surface. Using selected ion monitoring (SIM) in a tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with isobutane chemical ionization (CI), the PCP detection limit under positive chemical ionization is 20 ppb whereas negative CI gives detection limits in the low ppb range. This performance is achieved without any pre-treatment or derivatization of the sample. Negative ion CI gives a signal that is linear over a concentration range of 2-1000 ppb. Comparison of data obtained with low ppb samples of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol suggests that the sensitivity of this analytical procedure increases with increase in the number of electronegative substituents in the molecule.

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“…1 So far, an abundance of literature has been published about the various utilisations of MIMS: in the analysis of environmental samples 2,3 and the monitoring of complex mixtures. 4,5 others applications have been covered in a review by Srinivasan et al 6 and later by Johnson et al 7 the combination of MIMS with other techniques (i.e. proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometry or single-sided membrane mass spectrometry) is emerging as an area of considerable interest.…”

Section: Journal Of Mass Spectrometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Nafion as a Membrane Separator in Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry

Gernátová

Janderka

Marcinková

et al. 2009

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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Nafion is a commercially available perfluorosulphonate cation exchange membrane commonly used as a perm-selective separator in chlor-alkali electrolysers and as the electrolyte in solid polymer fuel cells. In our experiments, a Nafion sheet membrane serves as the interface between the aqueous sample and the vacuum in membrane introduction to the mass spectrometer (MIMS). The penetration by volatile polar compounds (VOC—methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol), volatile non-polar compounds (VOC—benzene, toluene and p-xylene), semi-volatile low polar compounds (SVOC—fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene and bromobenzene) and non-volatile polar compounds ( o-chlorophenol, m-chlorophenol and p-chlorophenol) in aqueous solution through the Nafion membrane to the mass spectrometer was studied. In all cases, a simple fragmentation pattern of the intact molecule was observed, typically with m/z = nominal mass + 1 as the most intensive ion current, which suggests that the ionisation process takes part in which water acts as the chemical ionisation reagent. No additional gases were needed for chemical ionisation. We also measured detection limits and linear dynamic ranges of all observed compounds with Nafion membrane MIMS. The observed detection limits were in the order of ppb for the alcohol and aromatic groups and for the halogenbenzene and monochlorophenol groups they were in the order of ppm. Linear dynamic ranges for all tested compounds were one order of magnitude.

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Detection of low molecular weight aldehydes in aqueous solution by membrane introduction mass spectrometry

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Direct detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, estrogenic compounds and pesticides in water using desorption chemical ionisation membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Direct detection of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, estrogenic compounds and pesticides in water using desorption chemical ionisation membrane inlet mass spectrometry

Determination of pentachlorophenol by negative ion chemical ionization with membrane introduction mass spectrometry

Use of Nafion as a Membrane Separator in Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry

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