Detection of magnetic nanomaterials in molecular imaging and diagnosis applications

Yao, Li; Xu, Shoujun

doi:10.1515/ntrev-2013-0044

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(166 reference statements)

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“…This is of interest e.g. for monitoring biological processes such as neuron firing [50] and magnetic nanoparticle formation [51], and for microfluidics applications [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Device Characterization Using a Widefield Diamond Microscope

et al. 2018

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Devices relying on microwave circuitry form a cornerstone of many classical and emerging quantum technologies. A capability to provide in-situ, noninvasive and direct imaging of the microwave fields above such devices would be a powerful tool for their function and failure analysis. In this work, we build on recent achievements in magnetometry using ensembles of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond, to present a widefield microwave microscope with few-micron resolution over a millimeterscale field of view, 130 nT Hz −1/2 microwave amplitude sensitivity, a dynamic range of 48 dB, and sub-ms temporal resolution. We use our microscope to image the microwave field a few microns above a range of microwave circuitry components, and to characterize a novel atom chip design. Our results open the way to high-throughput characterization and debugging of complex, multicomponent microwave devices, including real-time exploration of device operation.Microwave (MW) devices play a critical role in telecommunications, defence, and quantum technologies. Device characterization via high resolution MW field imaging is a long-standing goal [1][2][3], which promises to overcome the limitations of conventional characterization techniques. For example, it is difficult to identify internal features of complex devices using S-parameter measurements of reflection and transmission through external device ports [4,5]. A high-throughput MW imaging method would allow for fast prototype iteration, and for more adventurous development of novel device architectures. Furthermore, MW imaging is of interest for spin-wave imaging in magnonic systems [6,7], is under investigation for medical imaging [8,9], and can be used to characterize materials [10] and biological samples [11]. In recent years, alkali vapor cells with atoms in the ground [12][13][14][15][16] or highly excited Rydberg [17][18][19] states, and nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond [20-23] have shown promise for intrinsically calibrated MW imaging in simple, vacuum-and cryogen-free environments. Ensembles of NVs in a widefield diamond microscope [24][25][26][27][28] provide an excellent balance between the sensitivity and wide field of view (FOV) offered by vapor cells and the nanoscale spatial resolution of single NV centers [29], and so far have been primarily employed for imaging static and low-frequency magnetic fields. In this work, we demonstrate high-throughput widefield diamond microscopy for MW device characterization, enabled by a step-change we have achieved in microscope performance.Our microscope integrates advances in camera speed, experiment control, novel diamond material, laser illu-

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“…This is of interest e.g. for monitoring biological processes such as neuron firing [50] and magnetic nanoparticle formation [51], and for microfluidics applications [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave Device Characterization Using a Widefield Diamond Microscope

et al. 2018

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“…Many in vitro and in vivo tests have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach, but no formulation based on MNPs for drug delivery has been approved to date. In contrast, Drug Agencies have approved formulations based on MNPs, to be used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging [23,24,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperthermia-Triggered Gemcitabine Release from Polymer-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles

et al. 2018

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In this work a combined, multifunctional platform, which was devised for the simultaneous application of magnetic hyperthermia and the delivery of the antitumor drug gemcitabine, is described and tested in vitro. The system consists of magnetite particles embedded in a polymer envelope, designed to make them biocompatible, thanks to the presence of poly (ethylene glycol) in the polymer shell. The commercial particles, after thorough cleaning, are provided with carboxyl terminal groups, so that at physiological pH they present negative surface charge. This was proved by electrophoresis, and makes it possible to electrostatically adsorb gemcitabine hydrochloride, which is the active drug of the resulting nanostructure. Both electrophoresis and infrared spectroscopy are used to confirm the adsorption of the drug. The gemcitabine-loaded particles are tested regarding their ability to release it while heating the surroundings by magnetic hyperthermia, in principle their chances as antitumor agents. The release, with first-order kinetics, is found to be faster when carried out in a thermostated bath at 43 °C than at 37 °C, as expected. But, the main result of this investigation is that while the particles retain their hyperthermia response, with reasonably high heating power, they release the drug faster and with zeroth-order kinetics when they are maintained at 43 °C under the action of the alternating magnetic field used for hyperthermia.

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“…GMR sensors can be used for immunoassays in a manner related to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Like the sandwich-type approach in ELISA, sample preparation includes the immobilization of a molecular target on the sensor surface and the addition of tagged magnetic probes [ 156 , 157 ]. When the ligand-tagged MPs interact with the receptors bound to the sensor, the external magnetic dipole field from the magnetic label causes the magnetoresistance to change.…”

Section: Detection Techniques and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subsequent precession of the polarized atoms in the magnetic field is detected by the optical rotation of a probe laser, which can be the same laser as the pump laser. Several different configurations of AM have been developed [ 157 , 226 , 227 , 228 ]. The sensitivity of an AM has been reported to be as low as 0.01 ft/Hz 1/2 for a spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer [ 227 ].…”

Section: Detection Techniques and Their Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosensing Using Magnetic Particle Detection Techniques

Chen

Kolhatkar

Zenasni

et al. 2017

Sensors

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150

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Magnetic particles are widely used as signal labels in a variety of biological sensing applications, such as molecular detection and related strategies that rely on ligand-receptor binding. In this review, we explore the fundamental concepts involved in designing magnetic particles for biosensing applications and the techniques used to detect them. First, we briefly describe the magnetic properties that are important for bio-sensing applications and highlight the associated key parameters (such as the starting materials, size, functionalization methods, and bio-conjugation strategies). Subsequently, we focus on magnetic sensing applications that utilize several types of magnetic detection techniques: spintronic sensors, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensors, superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), sensors based on the atomic magnetometer (AM), and others. From the studies reported, we note that the size of the MPs is one of the most important factors in choosing a sensing technique.

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Detection of magnetic nanomaterials in molecular imaging and diagnosis applications

Cited by 13 publications

References 160 publications

Microwave Device Characterization Using a Widefield Diamond Microscope

Microwave Device Characterization Using a Widefield Diamond Microscope

Hyperthermia-Triggered Gemcitabine Release from Polymer-Coated Magnetite Nanoparticles

Biosensing Using Magnetic Particle Detection Techniques

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