DETECTION OF METAL ION HYDROLYSIS BY COAGULATION. V.¹ ZIRCONIUM²

On the Role of Hydrolyzable Metal Cations in the Adsorption of Anionic Surfactants on Negatively Charged Surfaces

“…With respect to specific adsorption, the observation is that multivalent electrolytes that tend to form hydrolysis species can reverse the sign of the ζ -potential at rather low concentrations and often at quite low surface charge densities 1 (e.g., Matijević et al, 1962Matijević et al, , 1964Matijević et al, , 1971James and Healy, 1972;James et al, 1977;Lyklema and Golub, 2007;Jiménez et al, 2012). The usual reasoning is that such hydrolysis products appear to have a rather high affinity for specific adsorption at the iHp.…”

Effect of coagulation of clay on filter cake resistance

“…Aluminum nitrate was used to coagulate negatively charged silver The entire aluminum nitrate-pH domain for silver iodide sol was estab lished as the result of the study (19) (Figure 3). The dotted line shown in the figure represented the coagulant level at which precipitation was first observed.…”

Effect of coagulation of clay on filter cake resistance

“…Matijevic and co-workers have conducted extensive studies on the coagulation of silver halide sols with metal ions such as aluminum (20,22), thorium (18), zinc (19), and zirconium (21). These studies revealed that each of these ions was capable of coagulating and re versing the charge on the colloids, but only above a particular pH, characteristic of each metal ion.…”

“…The entire aluminum nitrate-pH domain for silver iodide sol was estab lished as the result of the study (19) (Figure 3). The dotted line shown in the figure represented the coagulant level at which precipitation was first observed.…”