Detection of methane with mid-infrared polarization spectroscopy

Li, Zhongshan; Rupiński, M.; Zetterberg, Johan; Alwahabi, Zeyad T.; Aldén, Marcus

doi:10.1007/s00340-004-1475-9

Cited by 35 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There are a number of spectroscopic based methods for detecting methane. These are typically based on mid-or nearinfrared diode laser spectroscopy [76]. A recent review of nearinfrared methane detection methods based on tunable diode lasers with comparison of detection limits has been published [77].…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Methane Detection and Breath Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of methane breath testing: a review

Costello¹,

Ledochowski²,

Ratcliffe³

2013

J. Breath Res.

164

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sugar malabsorption in the bowel can lead to bloating, cramps, diarrhea and other symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome as well as affecting absorption of other nutrients. The hydrogen breath test is now a well established noninvasive test for assessing malabsorption of sugars in the small intestine. However, there are patients who can suffer from the same spectrum of malabsorption issues but who produce little or no hydrogen, instead producing relatively large amounts of methane. These patients will avoid detection with the traditional breath test for malabsorption based on hydrogen detection. Likewise the hydrogen breath test is an established method for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) diagnoses. Therefore, a number of false negatives would be expected for patients who solely produce methane. Usually patients produce either hydrogen or methane, and only rarely there are significant co-producers, as typically the methane is produced at the expense of hydrogen by microbial conversion of carbon dioxide. Various studies show that methanogens occur in about a third of all adult humans; therefore, there is significant potential for malabsorbers to remain undiagnosed if a simple hydrogen breath test is used. As an example, the hydrogen-based lactose malabsorption test is considered to result in about 5-15% false negatives mainly due to methane production. Until recently methane measurements were more in the domain of research laboratories, unlike hydrogen analyses which can now be undertaken at a relatively low cost mainly due to the invention of reliable electrochemical hydrogen sensors. More recently, simpler lower cost instrumentation has become commercially available which can directly measure both hydrogen and methane simultaneously on human breath. This makes more widespread clinical testing a realistic possibility. The production of small amounts of hydrogen and/or methane does not normally produce symptoms, whereas the production of higher levels can lead to a wide range of symptoms ranging from functional disorders of the bowel to low level depression. It is possible that excess methane levels may have more health consequences than excess hydrogen levels. This review describes the health consequences of methane production in humans and animals including a summary of the state of the art in detection methods. In conclusion, the combined measurement of hydrogen and methane should offer considerable improvement in the diagnosis of malabsorption syndromes and SIBO when compared with a single hydrogen breath test.

show abstract

Section: Analytical Methods For Methane Detection and Breath Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of methane breath testing: a review

Costello¹,

Ledochowski²,

Ratcliffe³

2013

J. Breath Res.

164

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Typically the stretching modes of CH moieties, which occur around 3000cm -1 (~3.3µm), are studied. The simplest hydrocarbon methane was investigated by Li et al [246,247] and Richard and Ewart [92]. Furthermore, Li et al performed experiments to study buffer gas influences on the PS signal level of ethane [247] and acetylene [248].…”

Section: Molecular Physics Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Kiefer

Ewart

2011

Progress in Energy and Combustion Science

131

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Laser-based methods have transformed combustion diagnostics in the past few decades. The high intensity, coherence, high spectral resolution and frequency tunability available from laser radiation has provided powerful tools for studying microscopic processes and macroscopic phenomena in combustion by linear and nonlinear optical processes. This review focuses on nonlinear optical techniques based on resonant four-wave mixing for non-intrusive measurements of minor species in combustion. The importance of minor species such as reaction intermediates is outlined together with the challenges they present for detection and measurement in the hostile environments of flames, technical combustors, and engines. The limitations of conventional optical methods for such measurements are described and the particular advantages of coherent methods using nonlinear optical techniques are discussed.The basic physics underlying four-wave wave mixing processes and theoretical models for signal calculation are then presented together with a discussion of how combustion parameters may be derived from analysis of signals generated in various four-wave mixing processes. The most important four-wave mixing processes, in this context, are then reviewed:Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM), Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS), Laser Induced Grating Spectroscopy (LIGS) and Polarization Spectroscopy (PS). In each case the fundamental physics is outlined to explain the particular properties and diagnostic advantages of each technique. The application of the methods mentioned to molecular physics studies of combustion species is then reviewed along with their application in measurement of concentration, temperature and other combustion parameters. Related nonlinear techniques and recent extensions to the ultra-fast regime are briefly reviewed. Finally practical considerations relevant to multi-dimensional and multi-species measurements, as well as applications in technical combustion systems are discussed.Keywords: nonlinear optical spectroscopy, four-wave mixing, combustion diagnostics, minor species detection, laser-induced gratings, polarization spectroscopy IntroductionEnergy from renewable sources such as solar and wind power is the goal of much current research and technological development. Combustion, however, is and is likely to remain for the foreseeable future, the most important energy source for heat, electrical power and especially for transportation. In technical combustion systems the chemical energy of fossil fuels such as coal, crude oil and natural gas is converted into heat through oxidation with oxygen from air. However, fossil fuel resources are limited and alternatives like biofuels [1] or novel technologies such as fuel cells [2] are not yet able to meet the demand. Consequently, for a sustainable use of fossil fuels it is desirable to further improve the efficiency, maintainability and reliability of existing combustion devices. Achieving such improvements depends upon an improved understanding of t...

show abstract

“…Recently, polarization spectroscopy was implemented in the mid-infrared region (near 3.4 µm) for the detection of methane by probing its asymmetric rovibrational transitions. 17 The dependence of the signal was investigated as a function of pump energy as well as methane concentration. At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, the detection limit was found to be 100 ppm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and calculation of the Q‐branch spectrum of nitrogen using inverse Raman spectroscopy and cw Raman‐induced polarization spectroscopy

Naik

Hwang

Lucht

et al. 2007

J Raman Spectroscopy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The techniques of inverse Raman spectroscopy, Raman-induced polarization spectroscopy (RIPS), and optical heterodyne RIPS (OHD-RIPS) are compared by probing the Q-branch of the nitrogen molecule. The signal is measured employing either a photomultiplier tube (low background level-RIPS) or a photodetector (high background level-IRS and OHD-RIPS). The measurements are performed using atmospheric mixtures of N 2 -Ar with concentrations varying from 0 to 79% N 2 . This strategy permits estimation of detection limits using the different techniques. Pump and probe energy levels are varied independently to study signal dependence on laser irradiance. A theoretical treatment is presented on the basis of the Raman susceptibility equations, which permits the calculation of spectra for all three techniques. Calculated Q-branch spectra are compared with the measured spectra for the interactions of a linearly polarized probe beam with a linearly or circularly polarized pump beam. The polarizer angle in the detection path for OHD-RIPS has a dramatic effect on the shape of the spectrum. The calculated and experimental OHD-RIPS spectra are in good agreement over the entire range of investigated polarizer angles. Detection limits using these techniques are analyzed to suggest their applicability for measuring other species of importance in combustion and plasma systems.

show abstract

Detection of methane with mid-infrared polarization spectroscopy

Cited by 35 publications

References 27 publications

The importance of methane breath testing: a review

The importance of methane breath testing: a review

Laser diagnostics and minor species detection in combustion using resonant four-wave mixing

Measurement and calculation of the Q‐branch spectrum of nitrogen using inverse Raman spectroscopy and cw Raman‐induced polarization spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About