Detection of mRNA transcripts of truncated opiate precursor (POMC) in human cartilage

Andjelkov, Nenad; Elvenes, Jan; Figenschau, Yngve; Bjørkøy, Geir; Knutsen, Gunnar; Seternes, Tore; Johansen, Oddmund

doi:10.1002/cbf.1226

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…β‐Endorphin is normally found in neurons of the hypothalamus, as well as in the pituitary gland. Previous studies confirmed that the B31.15 antibody positively recognizes human pituitary cells (Andjelkov et al,2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Treatment of metastatic sarcoma to the liver with bland embolization

Maluccio

Covey

Schubert

et al. 2006

Cancer

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The Irish Travellers are an itinerant group in Ireland that has been socially isolated. Two hypotheses have been proposed concerning the genetic origin of the Travellers: (1) they are genetically related to Roma populations in Europe that share a nomadic lifestyle or (2) they are of Irish origin, and genetic differences from the rest of Ireland reflect genetic drift. These hypotheses were tested using data on 33 alleles from 12 red blood cell polymorphism loci. Comparison with other European, Roma, and Indian populations shows that the Travellers are genetically distinct from the Roma and Indian populations and most genetically similar to Ireland, in agreement with earlier genetic analyses of the Travellers. However, the Travellers are still genetically distinct from other Irish populations, which could reflect some external gene flow and/or the action of genetic drift in a small group that was descended from a small number of founders. In order to test the drift hypothesis, we analyzed genetic distances comparing the Travellers to four geographic regions in Ireland. These distances were then compared with adjusted distances that account for differential genetic drift using a method developed by Relethford (Hum Biol 68 (1996) 29–44). The unadjusted distances show the genetic distinctiveness of the Travellers. After adjustment for the expected effects of genetic drift, the Travellers are equidistant from the other Irish samples, showing their Irish origins and population history. The observed genetic differences are thus a reflection of genetic drift, and there is no evidence of any external gene flow. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Treatment of metastatic sarcoma to the liver with bland embolization

Maluccio

Covey

Schubert

et al. 2006

Cancer

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“…The detection of MC1R in human articular chondrocytes is in accordance with the observation that also a human chondrosarcoma cell line, likewise expresses functional MC1R [ 92 ]. We and others [ 91 , 93 ] also detected truncated forms of POMC mRNA (transcripts related to exon 2) in human articular chondrocytes obtained from patients with end-stage OA. However, POMC transcripts related to exons 2–3 were not detectable [ 93 ], suggesting that articular chondrocytes cannot make functional POMC protein.…”

Section: Joint Tissues As Target Of the Neuroendocrine Systemmentioning

confidence: 59%

Do Neuroendocrine Peptides and Their Receptors Qualify as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Osteoarthritis?

Grässel

2018

IJMS

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Joint tissues like synovium, articular cartilage, meniscus and subchondral bone, are targets for neuropeptides. Resident cells of these tissues express receptors for various neuroendocrine-derived peptides including proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides, i.e., α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and β-endorphin (β-ED), and sympathetic neuropeptides like vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide y (NPY). Melanocortins attained particular attention due to their immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects in several tissues and organs. In particular, α-MSH, ACTH and specific melanocortin-receptor (MCR) agonists appear to have promising anti-inflammatory actions demonstrated in animal models of experimentally induced arthritis and osteoarthritis (OA). Sympathetic neuropeptides have obtained increasing attention as they have crucial trophic effects that are critical for joint tissue and bone homeostasis. VIP and NPY are implicated in direct and indirect activation of several anabolic signaling pathways in bone and synovial cells. Additionally, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) proved to be chondroprotective and, thus, might be a novel target in OA. Taken together, it appears more and more likely that the anabolic effects of these neuroendocrine peptides or their respective receptor agonists/antagonists may be exploited for the treatment of patients with inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases in the future.

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“…Andjelkov et al detected POMC transcripts in human articular chondrocytes, but the POMC mRNA was truncated. Moreover, those same authors failed to detect endogenous production of neuropeptides derived from these transcripts (50).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The melanocortin system in articular chondrocytes: Melanocortin receptors, pro‐opiomelanocortin, precursor proteases, and a regulatory effect of α‐melanocyte–stimulating hormone on proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix components

Grässel¹,

Opolka²,

Anders³

et al. 2009

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Human articular chondrocytes are target cells for alpha-MSH. The effects of alpha-MSH on expression of cytokines and MMPs suggest that this neuropeptide plays a role in inflammatory and degenerative processes in cartilage. It is conceivable that inflammatory reactions can be mitigated by the induction of endogenous MCs or administration of alpha-MSH to the affected joints. The induction pattern of regulatory and structural ECM components such as collagens as well as SOX9 and anabolic and catabolic cytokines points to a function of alpha-MSH as a trophic factor in skeletal development during endochondral ossification rather than as a factor in homeostasis of permanent cartilage.

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Detection of mRNA transcripts of truncated opiate precursor (POMC) in human cartilage

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Treatment of metastatic sarcoma to the liver with bland embolization

Treatment of metastatic sarcoma to the liver with bland embolization

Do Neuroendocrine Peptides and Their Receptors Qualify as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Osteoarthritis?

The melanocortin system in articular chondrocytes: Melanocortin receptors, pro‐opiomelanocortin, precursor proteases, and a regulatory effect of α‐melanocyte–stimulating hormone on proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix components

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