Detection of muons produced by cosmic ray neutrinos deep underground

Achar, C. V.; Menon, M. G. K.; Narasimham, V. S.; Murthy, P. V. Ramana; Sreekantan, B. V.; Hinotani, K.; Miyake, S.; Creed, D. R.; Osborne, J. L.; Pattison, J.B.M.; Wolfendale, A. W.

doi:10.1016/0031-9163(65)90712-2

Cited by 121 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…Experiments located extremely deep underground (∼8000 mwe) at the Kolar Gold Field in South India [39] and at the East Rand Proprietary mine in South Africa [40,41] reported the observation of atmospheric neutrino interactions in the rock surrounding the detectors. The first fully contained atmospheric neutrino interactions, in which all the visible secondary particles stop in the detector, were detected by proton decay experiments in the early 1980s.…”

Section: Early Atmospheric Neutrino Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the calorimetric energy scale in MINOS

Hartnell¹

2005

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MINOS is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. A neutrino beam is created at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Illinois and fired down through the Earth. Measurements of the energy spectra and composition of the neutrino beam are made both at the source using the Near detector and 735 km away at the Soudan Underground Laboratory in Minnesota using the Far detector. By comparing the spectrum and flavour composition of the neutrino beam between the two detectors neutrino oscillations can be observed. Such a comparison depends on the accuracy of the relative calorimetric energy scale.This thesis details a precise measurement of the calorimetric energy scale of the MINOS Far detector and Calibration detector using stopping muons with a new "track window" technique. These measurements are used to perform the relative calibration between the two detectors. This calibration has been accomplished to 1.7% in data and to significantly better than 2% in the Monte Carlo simulation, thus achieving the MINOS relative calibration target of 2%.A number of cross-checks have been performed to ensure the robustness of the calorimetric energy scale measurements. At the Calibration detector the test-beam energy between run periods is found to be consistent with the detector response to better than 2% after the relative calibration is applied. The muon energy loss in the MINOS detectors determined from Bethe-Bloch predictions, data and Monte Carlo are compared and understood.To estimate the systematic error on the measurement of the neutrino oscillation parameters caused by a relative miscalibration a study is performed. A 2% relative miscalibration is shown to cause a 0.6% bias in the values of ∆m 2 and sin 2 (2θ).To my parents.i

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Section: Early Atmospheric Neutrino Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the calorimetric energy scale in MINOS

Hartnell¹

2005

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“…Atmospheric ν µ were first recorded in 1965 in scintillator experiments in mines in India [39] and South Africa [40]. These experiments showed a deficit in the ratio of expected ν µ but with large uncertainties.…”

Section: Atmospheric Neutrinosmentioning

confidence: 99%

A search for sterile neutrinos at the MINOS experiment

Pittam

2010

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MINOS is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment based at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory in Illinois, USA. The experiment was designed to study neutrino oscillation phenomena. The ν µ beam produced by the NuMI beam facility at FNAL is used along with two functionally identical detectors. The Near Detector at FNAL and a Far Detector 735 km away in the Soudan Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. Comparison of the observed spectra of neutrinos at the two detectors provides the evidence for neutrino oscillations.This thesis presents work on the postulated phenomena of sterile neutrinos. Oscillations between active and sterile neutrinos will lead to a deficit in the expected rate of measured Neutral Current interactions at the Far Detector. A technique for selecting Neutral Current events utilising an Artificial Neural Network is presented with resulting overall efficiency of 91.1% and purity of 66.0%. A method of predicting the expected Charged and Neutral Current energy spectra at the Far Detector given the data recorded at the Near Detector is presented. A model to search for oscillations between sterile and active neutrinos is developed. Sources of systematic uncertainty that can effect the results of the analysis are discussed.The analysis developed is applied to a Standard Model 3 flavour oscillation model as a cross check under the scenarios with and without ν e appearance. The oscillation parameters measured by this model are ∆m −0.11 for the no ν e appearance result. An analysis of the resulting prediction reveals no evidence for active neutrino disappearance.The analysis is then performed using the 4 flavour neutrino oscillation model developed. Again this is done under the 2 scenarios of ν e appearance and no ν e appearance. The results of this analysis are ∆m −0.19 and θ 34 = 0.00 +0.60 for ν e appearance. This is consistent with no oscillations between active and sterile neutrinos.

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“…Contained ν induced µ CWI/SAND [4] 0 121 KGF [5] 100 229 NUSEX [6] 40 0 Soudan 1 [7] 1 0 Frejus [8] 271 44 IMB [9] 935 624 Kamiokande [10] 557 372 Soudan 2 [11] 561 73 LVD* 0 ? Baksan* [12] 0 801 MACRO [13] 285 940 AMANDA* [14] 0 204+ BAIKAL* [15] 0 44+ Subtotal 2750 3452 Super-Kamiokande [1] 12785 ∼ 1850 Table 1 Atmospheric neutrino event totals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%