Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Turkey and Chicken Farms of Tamilnadu, India

Prabhu, M. Ramesh; Malmarugan, S.; Njoroge, Anne; Parthiban, S.; Balakrishnan, G.; Rajeswar, J. Johnson

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1001.367

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Our investigations showed that diseased turkeys suffered from unilateral or bilateral swelling in the infraorbital sinuses with conjunctivitis, mild respiratory manifestation, and general depression. Similar findings were recorded by Prabhu et al. (2021) in turkeys infected with MG in India.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Respiratory diseases represent a great threat to the poultry industry worldwide ( Setta et al., 2018 ; El-Naggar et al., 2021 ). MG is the most pathogenic species within the genus Mycoplasma of the family Mycoplasmataceae that consider poultry devastating ( Evans and Leigh 2008 ; Erfan and Marouf, 2019 ; Prabhu et al., 2021 ). The present investigation shows the Mycoplasma incidence in different Egyptian governorates based on classical and modern techniques.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

et al. 2022

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Mycoplasma gallisepticum ( MG ) is a worldwide ruined bacteria affecting different avian species, causing severe economic losses. Consequently, the current research sought to detect the incidence of MG among different commercial broiler, layer chickens and turkey farms, and environmental litter samples in different Egyptian governorates (Damietta, Giza, El-Qalyobia, El-Sharqia, and El-Behera) from January 2019 to December 2020. Four hundred samples (infraorbital sinus aspirates, tracheal swabs, serum from diseased birds, and organ samples; lung tissues, air sacs and tracheal bifurcation from freshly dead birds), and environmental samples (litter) were collected for MG isolation. Samples were subjected to phenotypic and molecular identification. Positive bacteriological samples were subjected for molecular identification using polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) test to detect MG, then sequencing for PCR amplicon of mgc 2 gene. Out of 332 samples subjected for bacteriological examination, 206 were bacteriologically positive for MG with an incidence of 62%. The highest incidence of MG was detected in turkey farms at a rate of 83%, followed by broiler chicken farms, layer chicken farms and litter samples at a percentage of 70, 40, and 40, respectively. The highest prevalence of MG in chickens and turkey was recorded during the winter and autumn seasons. Molecular identification of MG isolates revealed that 85% of isolates were positive for mgc 2 gene using PCR. The Four sequenced strains in this study are closely related and placed in one group with the vaccine strain 6/85 and ts11 strain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

et al. 2022

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“…In some cases, turkeys displayed nervous signs including torticollis and opisthotonos. A drop in egg production was also reported in breeding flocks [11,13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Pathological and Molecular Studies on Some Pathogenic Bacteria in Meleagris Gallopavo of Hybrid Converter Breeds in Egypt

shalaby,

Awadin,

Salem

et al. 2025

Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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T URKEYS (Meleagris gallopavo) are prone to various pathogenic bacterial diseases that affect their production, yet little is known about their pathogenicity in hybrid converter breeds. Therefore, this study is an investigation of the most common bacterial diseases affecting turkeys and their pathological impact on the various tissues. Three turkey farms of hybrid converter breeds were checked in 2023 for any clinical signs. Recently, dead birds were necropsied, and all gross lesions were recorded. Samples from each farm were screened with real time qPCR for the presence of Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli, Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and Pasteurella multocida. Tissue samples were subjected to histopathological techniques to determine various microscopic lesions. Real time qPCR revealed that Salmonella, E. coli, and Pseudomonas were positive in all examined farm samples. While clostridia and Mycoplasma were positive in one farm sample, On the other hand, none of the tested samples were positive for Pasteurella. Histopathological examination revealed congestion, necrosis, and leukocytic cell infiltration in multiple organs. This histopathological evidence highlights the health risks associated with these infections in the farm. Further investigation is needed to determine the source of contamination and implement appropriate control measures to prevent the spread of these pathogens.

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“…Mycoplasma gallisepticum is the most pathogenic species in the genus Mycoplasma of the Mycoplasmataceae family, causing significant economic losses [ 27 ]. The significant economic losses caused by MG include poor performance, low growth rate, mortalities, drop in egg production, carcass condemnation, and medication and vaccination costs for disease prevention and control [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasmosis in Poultry: An Evaluation of Diagnostic Schemes and Molecular Analysis of Egyptian Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strains

Al-baqir,

Hassanin,

Al-Rasheed

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Infections with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) in poultry are associated with a wide range of disease conditions, including those affecting the respiratory and reproductive systems. The purpose of this study was to endorse the more sensitive diagnostic scheme for MG infection and identify the best molecular marker for MG phylogenetic analysis using six housekeeping genes: mgc2, mraW, atpG, ugpA, DUF31196, and lgT. For these purposes, 55 poultry flocks of different species were screened using either qRT-PCR or PCR techniques analogous to conventional culturing from non-cultured and cultured swabs on PPLO broth. The rate of MG positivity was the highest when using qRT-PCR from cultured broth (89.0%) and the lowest when using conventional culturing (34.5%). Compared to qRT-PCR from broth, statistical analysis using the Roc curve in MedCalc statistical software showed that the PCR schemes (qRT-PCR from swabs and PCR from swabs and broth) performed better than conventional culturing in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), suggesting that they may be more reliable schemes. Further support was added by Cohen’s kappa test, showing moderate agreement between the molecular approaches. Among the six screened genes, mgc2 and mraW had the highest detection rates (69% and 65.4%, respectively). The comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed that mgc2 or atpG gene sequences distinguished MG isolates into different clades with high discriminatory power.

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Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum Infection in Turkey and Chicken Farms of Tamilnadu, India

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: a devastating organism for the poultry industry in Egypt

Pathological and Molecular Studies on Some Pathogenic Bacteria in Meleagris Gallopavo of Hybrid Converter Breeds in Egypt

Mycoplasmosis in Poultry: An Evaluation of Diagnostic Schemes and Molecular Analysis of Egyptian Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strains

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