Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is electrophoresis in capillary format. It is the most efficient and versatile separation technique nowadays for analysis of small and large molecules. Clinical chemistry is a science that applies the knowledge of chemistry to the understanding of the human in health and disease. Implementation of CE technique in clinical laboratories will enhance the capability of the current clinical diagnostic system, and improve the quality of clinical testing. Owing to the nature of clinical diagnostics, the adoption of CE methods in clinical laboratories has been slow. However, CE has begun to replace some older and antiquated methods in some pioneering clinical laboratories.
This review includes a brief introduction to the CE technique (i.e. the separation principle, modes of operation, instrumentation, and practical considerations), and a summary of CE's applications in clinical chemistry (i.e. protein analysis, drug monitoring, DNA and RNA analyses, diagnosis of metabolic disorders, and single‐cell analysis), as well as the future prospects for the CE technique.