Detection of nitroaromatic compounds on coal combustion particles

Hanson, Ray L.; Henderson, Thomas R.; Hobbs, C.H.; Clark, Charles R.; Carpenter, Robert L.; Dutcher, John S.; Harvey, T. M.; Hunt, Donald F.

doi:10.1080/15287398309530400

Cited by 43 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Previous studies indicated that NACs mainly originate from BB, traffic or secondary formation in the gas or condensed phases, with minor contributions from coal combustion (Hanson et al, 1983;Wang et al, 2018;Yuan et al, 2016;Xie et al, 2019;Chow et al, 2016). While previous studies found that traffic has important effects on NAC levels (Cecinato et al, 2005;Tremp et al, 1993), its 5 influence appeared to be limited in this case: there was a weak to negative association between typical automobile exhaust VOCs (benzene, toluene, and trimethylbenzene) (Zhang et al, 2018;Geng et al, 2008;Batterman et al, 2002) and the studied NACs.…”

Section: Sources Of Nitro-aromatic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Ambient Nitro-Aromatic Compounds – Biomass Burning versus Secondary Formation in rural China

Salvador¹,

Tang²,

Priestley³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs) were measured hourly at a rural site in China during wintertime to monitor the changes due to local and regional impacts of biomass burning (BB). Concurrent and continuous measurements of the concentrations of 16 NACs in the gas and particle phases were performed with a time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (CIMS) equipped with a Filter Inlet for Gas and Aerosol (FIGAERO) unit using iodide as the reagent ion. NACs accounted for

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Section: Sources Of Nitro-aromatic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Ambient Nitro-Aromatic Compounds – Biomass Burning versus Secondary Formation in rural China

Salvador¹,

Tang²,

Priestley³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In general organic compounds have been quantified in much higher concentrations in the vapor phase than in organic extracts of FBC particulate materials (Hanson et al 1980). GC/MS was used to tentatively identify organic compounds in dlchloromethane extracts of atmospheric FBC (AFBC) fly ash (Hanson et al 1983;Merryman et al 1977). Several classes of mutagenic organic compounds were identified in organic extracts from small experimental FBC, including 4-to 6-ring aromatic and highly polar compounds such as phenols, nitriles, ketones, and carboxylic acids (Kubitschek and Haugen 1980).…”

Section: Inorganic Chemical Composition Of Pcc Fly Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitro aromatic compounds, corresponding to products from the reactions between NOx and PAH previously determined in the sample by GC/MS, were tentatively identified using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to analyze extracts of FBC baghouse fly ash. Among these compounds were the dinitro-products of pyrene and fluoranthene, which were highly mutagenic in microbial frame-shift tests (Hanson et al 1983).…”

Section: Inorganic Chemical Composition Of Pcc Fly Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and toxicological characterization of organic constituents in fluidized-bed and pulverized coal combustion: a topical report

Chess¹,

Later²,

Wilson³

et al. 1984

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The recently published "Status of Research on Physical, Chemical, and Biological Characterization of Particulate and Organic Emissions from Conventional and Fluidized-Bed Combustion of Coal: 1976 to the Present 11 (DOE/ER-0162), edited by C. H. Hobbs of the Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute (ITRI) for the u.s. Department of Energy, is a detailed summary of the major conclusions from research investigating the particulate and organic emissions from two modern coal combustion technologies. This report clearly indicates that, although particulate emissions from coal combustion have been analyzed in detail for physical properties, such as morphology, surface area, adsorption characteristics, and inorganic chemical composition (including trace metal analyses), very few data are available regarding the identities and quantitie~ of organic compounds which are adsorbed on surface of the fly ash or those which remain in the vapor phase. Such data on organic emissions are needed in order to better assess the potential adverse health effects associated with commercial coal combustion, particularly in view of the worldwide increase in coal combustion. Biological activity of such emissions can be assessed initially through the use of various in vitro bacterial and mammalian cellular assays, and further characterized through inhalation toxicological studies. It is the purpose of this report to detail the findings of research directed toward elucidating the identities and quantities of organic compounds found in fly ash extracts which have been shown to be biologically active through~ vitro assays. This work has been carried out as a collaborative effort by the Laboratory for Energy-Related Health Research (LEHR.

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“…Other coal-derived "organics" not 10,26,40 mentioned in the Report are soot and unburned carbon associated with fly ash.…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

Huggins¹,

Huffman²,

Shah³

1997

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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 identify a number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as candidates for regulation. Should regulations be imposed on HAP emissions from coal-fired power plants, a sound understanding of the fundamental principles controlling the formation and partitioning of toxic species during coal combustion will be needed. With support from the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), the Electric Power Research Institute, and VTT (Finland), Physical Sciences Inc. (PSI) has teamed with researchers from USGS, MIT, the University of Arizona (UA), the University of Kentucky (UKy), the University of Connecticut, and Princeton University to develop a broadly applicable emissions model useful to regulators and utility planners. The new Toxics Partitioning Engineering Model (ToPEM) will be applicable to all combustion conditions including new fuels and coal blends, low-NO combustion systems, x and new power generation plants. Development of ToPEM will be based on PSI's existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF). During the last quarter coal analysis was completed on the final program coal, from the Wyodak Seam of the Powder River Basin. Combustion testing continued, including data collected on the self-sustained combustor at UA. Data from PSI and MIT were used to identify the governing mechanisms for trace element vaporization from the program coals. Mercury speciation and measurements were continued. Review of the existing trace element and organics emissions literature was completed. And, model development was begun.iv A description of the work plan for accomplishing these objectives is presented in Section 2.1 of this report.The work discussed in this report highlights the accomplishments of the sixth quarter of this program. These accomplishments include completion of standard coal analysis on the final Phase I program coal. The selective leaching work, to determine the forms of occurrence of various trace elements, was completed for the three bituminous coals. Data from the combustion zone experiments at PSI and MIT were analyzed to explore the observed differences between the two facilities and to determine the dominant mechanisms for trace element vaporization. The review of the existing trace element and organics emissions data from power plants was completed. Two major combustion experiments were completed on the self-sustained reactor at UA. Finally, work was begun to identify the models, and model parameters, required for ToPEM development, and how these models can be incorporated into the existing Engineering Model for Ash Formation (EMAF) Specifically, in the last quarter the trace element concentration analysis was completed for the Wyodak coal. This analysis indicated that the concentrations of trace elements in this coal are within the range of the bituminous coals in this program, with the exception of arsenic. The concentration of this element, and that of chromium, is much lower than was found in the other program coals. The CCSEM analysis of this coal are ...

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Detection of nitroaromatic compounds on coal combustion particles

Cited by 43 publications

References 16 publications

Ambient Nitro-Aromatic Compounds – Biomass Burning versus Secondary Formation in rural China

Ambient Nitro-Aromatic Compounds – Biomass Burning versus Secondary Formation in rural China

Chemical and toxicological characterization of organic constituents in fluidized-bed and pulverized coal combustion: a topical report

Toxic substances form coal combustion--a co prehemsice assessment

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