Detection of Nonorganic Visual Loss with a New Optotype Chart in Simulated Malingerers

Flueckiger, Petra; Mojon, Daniel S.

doi:10.1055/s-2003-38162

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…While numerous tests have been developed for nonorganic visual acuity loss [10,11,12,13,14], only few tests exist for NVFL [4, 7]. For concentric NVFL, performing kinetic perimetry at two different distances is useful because it often helps to differentiate between organic and nonorganic origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus Parameters for Goldmann Kinetic Perimetry in Nonorganic Visual Loss

Ebneter

Pellanda²,

Kunz³

et al. 2009

Ophthalmologica

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Objective: To investigate the influence of the stimulus parameters on perimetry at various distances and draw conclusions for the clinical exploration of nonorganic visual loss. Methods: Visual field testing using Goldmann kinetic perimetry was performed on 15 healthy volunteers. The I/1e isopter at 33 cm was compared to the I/1e, II/1e and I/2e isopters at 66 cm. The 0/1e isopter at 33 cm was compared to the 0/1e, I/1e and 0/2e isopters at 66 cm. Results: Doubling the examination distance without adjusting the stimulus parameters resulted in significant perimetric visual field constriction. Doubling the stimulus diameter resulted in perimetric visual field expansion by a factor of 2.26 and 3.32 for I/1e and 0/1e, respectively. Increasing stimulus luminance by a factor of 3.17 caused expansion by a factor of 2.15 and 2.32 for I/1e and 0/1e, respectively. Conclusions: To avoid falsely diagnosing visual field constriction, stimulus parameters need to be adjusted when visual field testing is performed at double distance. Increasing stimulus luminance was more appropriate than augmenting stimulus size.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus Parameters for Goldmann Kinetic Perimetry in Nonorganic Visual Loss

Ebneter

Pellanda²,

Kunz³

et al. 2009

Ophthalmologica

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“…. The contrast and spatial frequency remain fixed for each optotype in the chart, and smaller-sized optotypes are displayed on subsequent rows of each sub-chart (Figure 2.7.2 and Figure 2.7.3)[37,38]. Much like the Landolt C, the Mojon optotype can be presented with the corresponding opening directed in different orientations (right, left, top, and bottom)[37,38].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The first sub-chart of the Mojon chart consists of five optotypes for the observer to detect[37,38].…”

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confidence: 99%

Objective quantification of sensory function using a battery of smartphone applications

Zarei¹

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for their technical and clinical expertise and involvement. I would also like to thank them, and Dr. Michael Mackey for serving on my thesis committee. I would also like to thank Dr. Mackey and many professors in the department of biomedical engineering and the college of engineering for supporting me as a student for the last four years. I would like to give a sincere thank-you to Dean Heidi Arbisi-Kelm for being an incredible academic leader and an advocate of all students. I would also like to thank the Tau Beta Pi Association (Matthews No. 19 fellowship) and Fight for Sight for their financial support. Finally, I would like to thank my family (Zohreh, Keyan, and Sanam) and friends (specifically Jui-Kai Wang) for their continued support and encouragement. v ABSTRACT Sensory deficits represent a major global public health problem. According to the World Health Organization, vision impairment affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide, and hearing impairment affects an estimated 360 million people worldwide. Consistent clinical evaluations for all individuals with sensory deficits cannot be practically realized due to the rising costs of healthcare, capital and labor limitations, and inaccessibility to healthcare due to a multitude of factors including proximity. The high prevalence of visual and hearing deficits can be lessened through consistent, comprehensive, at-home testing which can allow a larger amount of the affected and atrisk populations to be screened for abnormal function earlier and prior to permanent loss, and provide a wealth of patient-specific data that can be used to understand the timescale of diseases and monitor the effectiveness of clinical interventions in unprecedented detail. While health-oriented smartphone applications exhibit a strong presence on the app stores, these applications are seldom vetted by expert scientists, engineers, and clinicians, and there are considerable opportunities for methodological improvements. The present work discusses the creation, calibration, and proof-of-concept, preliminary validation of a suite of psychophysical tests implemented as smartphone applications that can be utilized to rapidly and objectively quantify several functional sensory behaviors including flicker sensitivity, contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, and hearing-in-noise. Rigorous steps were undertaken to perform the necessary calibrations (a feat not routinely achieved by the creators of existing medical smartphone applications), and ensure the technical validity of the varying stimuli presented. Preliminary tests in the clinic have documented the potential of these tests to objectively provide numerous quantifications of, but not limited vi to, individual visual and hearing function, and variation between normal and abnormal subjects and function. The foundation laid by this work allows novel psychophysical tests to rapidly be implemented, vetted, and added to this battery of publicly and universally accessible medical smartphone applications.

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Nonorganic Visual Disorders

Bose

2022

Albert and Jakobiec's Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology

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Detection of Nonorganic Visual Loss with a New Optotype Chart in Simulated Malingerers

Abstract: Movement of the chart towards the subject (pocket chart) was better at detecting nonorganic visual loss than using a fixed distance (distance chart). Therefore, we suggest to use the pocket chart for the detection of nonorganic disease.

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Stimulus Parameters for Goldmann Kinetic Perimetry in Nonorganic Visual Loss

Stimulus Parameters for Goldmann Kinetic Perimetry in Nonorganic Visual Loss

Objective quantification of sensory function using a battery of smartphone applications

Nonorganic Visual Disorders

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