Detection of Oxygen Levels (SpO2) and Heart Rate Using a Pulse Oximeter for Classification of Hypoxemia Based on Fuzzy Logic

Abstract

This study made the digital system to perform screening (early prediction) of Hypoxemia using MAX30102 sensor with the fuzzy value from SpO2 level and heart rate. This research also uses the Internet of Things (IoT) system to gather data from devices to the cloud. Hypoxemia is a lack of oxygen in the blood flowing in the body. Hypoxemia conditions in the body due to lack of oxygen levels in the blood will cause an increased heart rate. Hypoxemia conditions that are not immediately recognized cause damage to cells, tissues, and organs. Hypoxemia is an essential condition because information about oxygen levels in the blood is closely related to health conditions. In this project, researchers built a Hypoxemia early detection system. From the research results, it is found that the accuracy rate of the system to detect hypoxemia is 80%, with 60% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Based on the experiment, this research is able to help screening detection (early prediction) of Hypoxemia.

Temperature and Humidity Control System with Air Conditioner Based on Fuzzy Logic and Internet of Things

“…In addition, it is also necessary to further investigate the effectiveness of tools in various sizes and more complex room layouts by trying other FIS methods, such as the Sugeno and Mamdani models. Especially in previous research work, these two methods produced good results in performance and accuracy [94], [99], [100], [137]- [140].…”

“…The crisp value is used as the input for the FIS process and the crisp value is also used for the output [93]. This type of fuzzy has three models, namely Tsukamoto, Sugeno [31], [94], and Mamdani [95]- [97].…”

“…Broadly speaking, this Tsukamoto model has three stages in producing outputs in the form of crisp values, namely fuzzification, machine inference, and defuzzification [101]. Fuzzification is a process of converting a non-fuzzy (crisp) set into a fuzzy set [94], a non-fuzzy (crisp) input mapped to a fuzzy set form according to the variations of the input speech universe [102]. One of the most important components in the fuzzification step is the membership function.…”

Efficient Early Detection of Patient Diagnosis and Cardiovascular Disease using an IoT System with Machine Learning and Fuzzy Logic

“…The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional disease prediction techniques. Some studies have also used fuzzy logic [9], [10] and machine learning approaches to diagnose healthcare systems [11], [12], [13]. Rahman et al [9] This study uses ECG data to focus on how intelligent systems and fuzzy logic can detect and classify significant cardiac arrhythmias in individuals, particularly those with COVID-19.…”

Spo2 Analysis on Development of IoT-Based Lung Function and Spo2 Measuring Device

“…They emphasize the importance of comprehensive evaluation, incorporating multiple parameters to ensure accurate monitoring and diagnosis. Building upon these findings, our research aims to revolutionize pulmonary health monitoring by integrating IoT technology and providing a user-friendly smartphone application for remote assessment of lung function and oxygen saturation [15] [16]. In this article, we present a groundbreaking approach to pulmonary health monitoring by combining oximetry and spirometry into a unified device.…”