Detection of Parechovirus and Enterovirus Among Infants Evaluated for Late-onset Sepsis in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: The Viral Respiratory Infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit-Parechovirus-Enterovirus Study

Sánchez, Pablo J.; Woods, Reginald A.; Wang, Huanyu; Ronchi, Andrea; Piestrasanta, Carlo; Michelow, Ian C.; Mosca, Fabio; Pugni, Lorenza; Leber, Amy

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000003700

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The mortality in neonates with enterovirus brain injury has been reported to be about 12% [31]. Incidence in neonatal ICUs vary from none to 13% of sepsis evaluations [33][34][35] likely related to testing protocols, level of suspicion, seasonality, and outbreaks. Clinical presentation of the two viruses cannot be distinguished, and can mimic that from bacterial sepsis and neonatal herpes simplex virus infection.…”

Section: Clinical Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on nonpolio enterovirus and parechovirus infections in neonates and young infants

Souverbielle

Erdem

Sánchez

2023

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of reviewTo review the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies of nonpolio enterovirus and parechovirus (PeV) infections, and identify research gaps. Recent findingsThere is currently no approved antiviral agent for enterovirus or PeV infections, although pocapavir may be provided on a compassionate basis. Elucidation of the structure and functional features of enterovirus and PeV may lead to novel therapeutic strategies, including vaccine development. SummaryNonpolio human enterovirus and PeV are common childhood infections that are most severe among neonates and young infants. Although most infections are asymptomatic, severe disease resulting in substantial morbidity and mortality occurs worldwide and has been associated with local outbreaks. Longterm sequelae are not well understood but have been reported following neonatal infection of the central nervous system. The lack of antiviral treatment and effective vaccines highlight important knowledge gaps. Active surveillance ultimately may inform preventive strategies.

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