Detection of Phenylketonuria Markers Using a ZIF-67 Encapsulated PtPd Alloy Nanoparticle (PtPd@ZIF-67)-Based Disposable Electrochemical Microsensor

Abstract

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a common disease in congenital disorder of amino acid metabolism, which can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, behavioral problems, and mental disorders. We report herein a facile method to screen for PKU by the measurements of its metabolites (markers). In this work, a disposable electrochemical microsensor modified with a ZIF (zeolitic imidazolate framework)-based nanocomposite is constructed, in which ZIF-67 crystals are encapsulated with PtPd alloy nanoparticles (NPs) forming the nanocomposite

Properties of Cobalt- and Nickel-Doped Zif-8 Framework Materials and Their Application in Heavy-Metal Removal from Wastewater

“…ZIFs have attracted a great deal of research interest because of their proper porosity, controllable morphology, and excellent chemical and thermal stability [5][6][7][8][9][10]. ZIF-8 is a typical ZIF material that is widely used in adsorption and separation of substances [11][12][13], electrochemical sensors [14][15][16], catalysis [17,18], bacteriostasis [19], and enzymes immobilization [20,21]. In recent years, ZIF-8 has been reported to have splendid performance in environmental pollution treatments.…”

A Review on Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Used in Phenylalanine Electroanalysis

“…The results obtained with this modified sensor, PtPd @ ZIF-67, such as good specificity and rapid response to PKU markers, are promising for the early detection of PKU [3]. The feasibility of the sensor was evaluated on real samples, respectively on serum samples taken from adults and infants, with and without PKU and the results varied: for adults from 3.0% to 4.7% and the analytical recovery varied from 98.8% to 100.9%; in infants the values ranged from 3.5% to 5.0% and the analytical recovery ranged from 98.7% to 101.8%, confirming the good sensitivity of the modified chemical electrochemical sensor rGO-Fc-CD/GCE.…”

“…Finally, the sensitive materials and the analytical features for the principal electrochemical sensors and biosensors used for Phe detection, most of them detailed above in this review, are summarized in Table 2. CV, CA 5-500 × 10 -6 20 × 10 -9 [3] MIP-Thiophen-3carbonyl tryptophan CV 1.0 × 10 -8 -1.0 × 10 -7 1.0 × 10 -9 [5] MIP polyvinyl chloride Potentiometry 1 × 10⁻⁸-1 × 10 -4 5 × 10⁻⁹ [7] Perylene-functionalized -3…”

“…According to numerous studies in the field, the level of Phe may be detected in human beings as early as the neonatal period, being part of the first sets of analyses performed on newborns. The oldest method for determining the level of Phe [2,3] in patients diagnosed with diseases conditioned by this amino acid implied taking and analyzing blood or urine samples and making bacterial inhibition tests for Phe detection.…”

Enhanced Desalination Performance of Capacitive Deionization Using Nanoporous Carbon Derived from ZIF-67 Metal Organic Frameworks and CNTs

“…Various types of MOFs have been investigated as electrodes for energy storage systems such as secondary batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells. In particular, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) involving ZIF-8 and ZIF-67 have been widely utilized due to their excellent physical and chemical characteristics and their highly abundant microporous structures [28][29][30][31][32]. It has been reported that nitrogen-doped carbon materials substantially enhance electrical conductivity and provide better wettability of the electrode surface with electrolyte.…”