“…Based on the current state of research, methods for quantitative analysis of PS expression levels on the surface of cells are mainly categorized into the following approaches. The first approach involves the utilization of flow cytometry, , enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), , liquid mass spectrometry, , electrochemistry, , and additional techniques − for the separation and quantitative analysis of PS on cellular membranes. The second method is the fluorescence real-time imaging quantitative technique, which typically employs PS detection probes such as fluorescently labeled annexin V and zinc(II) dipyridinamine complex (ZnDPA) for signal “always on” detection. − Subsequently, the fluorescent probe P-IID was constructed by using the intramolecular fluorescent photoreceptor substitution mechanism with ZnDPA as the identification site.…”