Detection of Physical Defects in Full Color Passive-Matrix OLED Display by Image Driving Techniques

Uttwani, Pankaj Kr; Villari, B. C.; Unni, K. N. Narayanan; Singh, Ranbir; Awasthi, Ashish

doi:10.1109/jdt.2011.2168805

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…We have successfully fabricated passive matrix OLED displays with materials of the same chemical formula from various sources, that is, with OLEDs having low reverse bias currents. 37,38 However, the green OLED in this paper suffers from high reverse bias leakage current. This indicates that subtle differences in materials of same chemical formula can lead to significant variations in device performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of the electric field during annealing of organic light emitting diodes for improving its on/off ratio

Sharma

Katiyar

Rao

et al. 2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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If an organic light emitting diode is to be used as part of a matrix addressed array, it should exhibit low reverse leakage current. In this paper we present a method to improve the on/off ratio of such a diode by simultaneous application of heat and electric field post device fabrication. A green OLED with excellent current efficiency was seen to be suffering from a poor on/off ratio of 10(2). After examining several combinations of annealing along with the application of a reverse bias voltage, the on/off ratio of the same device could be increased by three orders of magnitude, specifically when the device was annealed at 80 °C under reverse bias (-15 V) followed by slow cooling also under the same bias. Simultaneously, the forward characteristics of the device were relatively unaffected. The reverse leakage in the OLED is mainly due to the injection of minority carriers in the hole transport layer (HTL) and the electron transport layer (ETL), in this case, of holes in tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum(Alq3) and electrons in 4,4',4''-tris(N-3-methylphenyl-N-phenylamino)triphenylamine (m-MTDATA). Hence, to investigate these layers adjacent to the electrodes, we fabricated their single layer devices. The possibility of bulk traps present adjacent to electrodes providing states for injection was ruled out after estimating the trap density both before and after the reverse biased annealing. The temperature independent current in reverse bias ruled out the possibility of thermionic injection. The origin of the reverse bias current is attributed to the availability of interfacial hole levels in Alq3 at the cathode work function level in the as-fabricated device; the suppression of the same being attributed to the fact that these levels in Alq3 are partly removed after annealing under an electric field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of the electric field during annealing of organic light emitting diodes for improving its on/off ratio

Sharma

Katiyar

Rao

et al. 2016

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…electronic paper and reflective LCDs), and transflective (which can function as transmissive or reflective, including a backlight dependent on ambient light). Each of these display types is characterized by a different type of distortion (Harris 2007;Uttwani et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Twins for Lighting Analysis: Literature Review, Challenges, and Research Opportunities

Hassan¹,

Angelaki²,

Alfaro³

et al. 2022

ECMS 2022 Proceedings Edited by Ibrahim A. Hameed, Agus Hasan, Saleh Abdel-Afou Alaliyat

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Light modelling, simulation, and photometric calculations are by now common tasks in the lighting design process. These practices contribute to the definition and comparison of suitable layout arrangements and help predict the impact of lighting devices. Those tasks demand the use of tools to support the simulation of different scenarios, the analyses of their pros and cons according to different criteria (e.g., health and safety, perception, aesthetics, energy consumption, and costs), and decision-making. Digital twins have emerged as relevant technologies to simulate and visualize different ``what-if'' scenarios associated with physical entities and processes. In this paper, we investigate the state-of-the-art research concerning the use of digital twins for supporting lighting analysis in the urban/outdoor context. We also present and discuss challenges and research opportunities related to the design, implementation, and validation of digital twins in this domain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two calibration models for compensation of the individual elements properties of self-emitting displays

Басова¹,

Gladilin²,

Grigoryev³

et al. 2022

Computer Optics

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In this paper, we examine the applicability limits of different methods of compensation of the individual properties of self-emitting displays with significant non-uniformity of chromaticity and maximum brightness. The aim of the compensation is to minimize the perceived image non-uniformity. Compensation of the displayed image non-uniformity is based on minimizing the perceived distance between the target (ideally displayed) and the simulated image displayed by the calibrated screen. The S-CIELAB model of the human visual system properties is used to estimate the perceived distance between two images. In this work, we compare the efficiency of the channel-wise and linear (with channel mixing) compensation models depending on the models of variation in the characteristics of display elements (subpixels). It was found that even for a display with uniform chromatic subpixels characteristics, the linear model with channel mixing is superior in terms of compensation accuracy.

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Detection of Physical Defects in Full Color Passive-Matrix OLED Display by Image Driving Techniques

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of the electric field during annealing of organic light emitting diodes for improving its on/off ratio

Effect of the electric field during annealing of organic light emitting diodes for improving its on/off ratio

Digital Twins for Lighting Analysis: Literature Review, Challenges, and Research Opportunities

Two calibration models for compensation of the individual elements properties of self-emitting displays

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