Detection of protein and DNA damage induced by elevated carbon dioxide and ozone in Triticum aestivum L. using biomarker and comet assay

Abstract

ABSTRACT. This study was designed to compare the genetic effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and ozone (O 3 ), alone or in combination, under irrigated and non-irrigated conditions on proteins and DNA of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), isozymes, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and comet assays were used. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed distinctive polymorphisms (100%) based on the number of polypeptide bands (169) with molecular weights ranging from 300.0 to 24.00 kDa, band intensity, appearance, and loss of bands when compared with control samples. Six isozymes, malate dehydrogenase, amylase, leucine-aminopeptidase, esterase, peroxidase, and catalase, generated 100% polymorphism values based on zymogram number, relative front, and optical intensities. RAPD revealed 276 DNA bands with a distinctive polymorphism value of 92.31% based on the number of amplified DNA products, ranging from 45 to 1100 bp, and band intensity. In the comet assay, the highest extent of nuclear DNA damage was observed as tail length 8.70 µm, tailed DNA 8.01%, and tail moment unit 34.18 in non-irrigated O 3 -treated wheat nuclei. These results show that O 3 -treatment alone induced high levels of oxidative protein and DNA damage in wheat plant, especially in a non-irrigation system. Interestingly, CO 2 in combination with O 3 could ameliorate the negative impact of O 3 -oxidative stress. This study shows that protein and DNA biomarkers, and the comet assay, could be used for the reliable estimation of genotoxicity following the exposure of economic crop plants to air pollutants.

Acute inhalation of ozone induces DNA methylation of apelin in lungs of Long-Evans rats

“…As an oxidant air pollutant, ozone has been reported to have genotoxic properties in a variety of systems including the mouse lung (Bornholdt et al 2002), A549 alveolar epithelial cells (Cheng et al 2003), human primary leukocytes (Diaz-Llera et al 2002), and plants (Tai et al 2010;Abdelhaliem and Al-Huqai 2016). Furthermore, such DNA strand breaks have been associated with ozone exposure in different populations and cell types in humans (Rojas et al 2000;Pacini et al 2003;Tovalin et al 2006;Palli et al 2009).…”

Antifungal Caspofungin Sensitizes MRSA Isolates Towards Zabofloxacin, a Proteomic Study

“…Lane 1 represents the protein marker; lanes 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15 represent the protein profiles of untreated isolates S1, S6, S7, S8, S14, S21 and S23, respectively; and lanes 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 represent the protein profiles of these isolates treated with 16µg/ ml of caspofungin, respectively. (non-unique bands that existed in control samples and were lost from treated samples) 19 . (Fig.…”

Research Article Modulation of ochratoxins A-induced genotoxicity in Phaseolus vulgaris by multi-walled carbon nanotubes evaluated by phenotypic, cellular ultrastructure, and nuclear DNA bioassays

“…Genomic DNA was extracted from treated common bean seeds with MWCNTs, OTA and adsorbate OTA solutions in addition to qualitative and quantitative analyses of extracted DNA were carried out using the method described in the study of (Abdelhaliem and Al-Huqail, 2016).…”

“…RAPD-PCR analysis and agarose gel electrophoresis were conducted described as in study of (Abdelhaliem and Al-Huqail, 2016). A total of 20 random DNA oligonucleotide primers (10 mer) were independently used for RAPD-PCR analysis (UBC, University of British Columbia, Canada) according to (Williams et al, 1990) with some modifications.…”