Detection of recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma by [<sup>18</sup>F]‐2‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography

Kunkel, Martin; Forster, G; Reichert, Torsten E.; Jeong, Jong‐Hyeon; Benz, P.; Bartenstein, Peter; Wagner, Wilfried; Whiteside, Theresa L.

doi:10.1002/cncr.11763

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Moreover, locoregional recurrences, after combined therapeutic modalities including conservative surgery, usually occur later. 18 F-FDG PET performed as a sequential investigation 4 mo after treatment, independent of whether recurrence is suggested, showed high accuracy (12,14,21,22). However, recurrences could also be apparent clinically or radiographically at the time of PET.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

¹⁸F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

Krabbe¹,

Pruim²,

Dijkstra³

et al. 2009

J Nucl Med

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role and timing of serial 18 F-FDG PET scans as routine surveillance for detecting early locoregional recurrence, distant metastases, and second primary tumors in patients treated for advanced squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the oral cavity or oropharynx during the first year after completion of their curative treatment. Methods: Forty-eight consecutive patients with SCC in the oral cavity or oropharynx were included after completing their initial therapy with curative intent. Prospective follow-up of the participants was 2-fold: regular follow-up (history and physical examination) and serial 18 F-FDG PET scans. Patients underwent standard follow-up and 18 F-FDG PET at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo after initial treatment. Findings were validated by histopathology or 18 mo of clinical follow-up and imaging after initial treatment. Results: Incidence of recurrences and second primary tumors was 27% and 10%, respectively. 18 F-FDG PET was significantly (P 5 0.035) more often in agreement with the gold standard than was regular follow-up. 18 F-FDG PET showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 100%, 43%, 51%, and 100%, respectively. For regular followup, these values were 0%, 60%, 0%, and 50%, respectively. 18 F-FDG PET accounted for a change in diagnostics or treatment in 63% of the patients and regular follow-up in 25% of the patients. Sensitivity and specificity of 18 F-FDG PET were both irrespective of timing of 18 F-FDG PET. For the 3-and 6-mo posttherapy results combined, 18 F-FDG PET detected malignancy in 16 of the 18 patients. Conclusion: 18 F-FDG PET is a suitable routine posttreatment surveillance tool in oral and oropharyngeal SCC patients and detects malignancy before clinical suggestion by the regular follow-up arises. The best timing of a systematic 18 F-FDG PET scan is between 3 and 6 mo after treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

¹⁸F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

Krabbe¹,

Pruim²,

Dijkstra³

et al. 2009

J Nucl Med

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“…[19][20][21][22] An SUV after therapy of more than 3 23,24 or 4 25 mg/mL is regarded as positive for a recurrent tumor. In our series, 4 patients underwent a PET/CT examination, and all 4 studies were suspicious for a recurrent tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benign Ulceration as a Manifestation of Soft Tissue Radiation Necrosis: Imaging Findings

Debnam¹,

Garden²,

Ginsberg³

2008

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Possible mechanisms are defects in the antigen processing machinery 32,33 or increased expression of inhibitory molecules on tumor cells. 34 As several studies have demonstrated that upregulation of LDHA and GLUT-1 is related to a more aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis [35][36][37] the aim of our study was to investigate a possible link between an altered glucose metabolism and T cell infiltration and activation in RCC. Our results suggest that glucose metabolism has an impact on TIL and may be involved in the modulation of immune responses in the tumor environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Warburg phenotype in renal cell carcinoma: High expression of glucose‐transporter 1 (GLUT‐1) correlates with low CD8⁺ T‐cell infiltration in the tumor

Singer

Kastenberger

Gottfried³

et al. 2011

Intl Journal of Cancer

142

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Many tumor cells are characterized by a dysregulated glucose metabolism associated with increased glycolysis in the presence of oxygen (''Warburg Effect''). Here, we analyzed for the first time a possible link between glucose metabolism and immune cell infiltration in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). RCC specimens revealed a highly significant increase in the expression of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) and glucose-transporter 1 (GLUT-1) compared to the corresponding normal kidney tissue on mRNA level. Accordingly, tumor cell lines of different origin such as RCC, melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma strongly expressed LDHA and GLUT-1 compared to their nonmalignant counterparts. In line with this finding, tumor cells secreted high amounts of lactate. High expression of GLUT-1 and LDH5, a tetramer of 4 LDHA subunits, was confirmed by tissue microarray analysis of 249 RCC specimens. Overall, 55/79 (69.6%) and 46/71 (64.7%) cases of clear cell carcinoma showed a constitutive, but heterogeneous expression of GLUT-1 and LDH5, respectively. The number of CD3 1 , CD8 1 and FOXP3 1 T cells was significantly elevated in RCC lesions compared to normal kidney epithelium, but effector molecules such as granzyme B and perforin were decreased in tumor infiltrating T cells. Of interest, further analysis revealed an inverse correlation between GLUT-1 expression and the number of CD8 1 T cells in RCC lesions. Together, our data suggest that an accelerated glucose metabolism in RCC tissue is associated with a low infiltration of CD8 1 effector T cells. Targeting the glucose metabolism may represent an interesting tool to improve the efficacy of specific immunotherapeutic approaches in RCC.Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) constitutes 2-3% of all malignant tumors in adults. It is a very heterogeneous malignancy, which is subdivided in different histological subtypes. The most common type of RCC is clear cell carcinoma with an incidence of 75% whereas the papillary (10-15%) and the chromophobe subtypes (5%) are less frequent. 1,2 Clear cell carcinoma arises from cells of the proximal tubule and is characterized by a clear cytoplasm, which stores glycogen. It is associated with a large number of gene mutations most notably in the von Hippel Lindau (VHL) gene. 3,4 The VHL protein is crucially involved in the regulation of the hypoxia inducible transcription factor HIF1. In the absence of VHL, HIF is stabilized and induces the expression of proteins that are involved in angiogenesis and glucose metabolism, e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin and glucose-transporter 1 (GLUT-1). 5,6 Overexpression of GLUT-1 has been described in different malignancies 7-9 and polymorphisms of GLUT-1 seems to be associated with clear cell carcinoma. 10 Beside HIF stabilization through loss of the tumor suppressor gene VHL or hypoxia, oncogenic transformation, caused by loss of p53, 11,12 mutation of KRAS/BRAF 13 or c-myc overexpression 14 reduces respiration accompanied by an upregulation of glycolytic enzymes such as lactate dehydrogena...

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Detection of recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma by [¹⁸F]‐2‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography

Cited by 65 publications

References 32 publications

¹⁸F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

¹⁸F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

Benign Ulceration as a Manifestation of Soft Tissue Radiation Necrosis: Imaging Findings

Warburg phenotype in renal cell carcinoma: High expression of glucose‐transporter 1 (GLUT‐1) correlates with low CD8⁺ T‐cell infiltration in the tumor

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Detection of recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma by [18F]‐2‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography

Cited by 65 publications

References 32 publications

18F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

18F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

Benign Ulceration as a Manifestation of Soft Tissue Radiation Necrosis: Imaging Findings

Warburg phenotype in renal cell carcinoma: High expression of glucose‐transporter 1 (GLUT‐1) correlates with low CD8+ T‐cell infiltration in the tumor

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Detection of recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma by [¹⁸F]‐2‐fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography

¹⁸F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

¹⁸F-FDG PET as a Routine Posttreatment Surveillance Tool in Oral and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A ProspectiveStudy

Warburg phenotype in renal cell carcinoma: High expression of glucose‐transporter 1 (GLUT‐1) correlates with low CD8⁺ T‐cell infiltration in the tumor