Detection of rotavirus by a latex agglutination test, Rotalex: comparison with electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

Moosai, R. B.; Alcock, Rowan; Bell, Trace; Laidler, F. R.; Peiris, Jsm; Wyn-Jones, A. P.; Madeley, C. R.

doi:10.1136/jcp.38.6.694

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…SPIEM reaches a sensitivity comparable to the equivalent ELISA systems (Kjeldsberg and Mortensen-Egnund, 1982;Svensson et al, 1983;Gerna et al, 1987). Remarkably, it has also been experienced, that even direct EM can reach the sensitivity of commercial ELISAs (Moosai et al, 1985;Cubitt et al, 1999).…”

Section: Methods Used In Diagnostic Emmentioning

confidence: 91%

Diagnostic electron microscopy is still a timely and rewarding method

Biel

Gelderblom

1999

Journal of Clinical Virology

116

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In the history of diagnostic EM in virology, a change in use has been seen. Starting in the 1990s and coincident with the broad introduction of 'modern' diagnostic techniques, the number of EM diagnostic labs has decreased considerably--in spite of the obvious advantages of this technique. To guarantee the continuing performance of diagnostic EM in the future. EQA runs have to be performed as with other techniques in the diagnostic armament. The growing number of participants and participating countries indicates an interest in as well as a need for this program.

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Section: Methods Used In Diagnostic Emmentioning

confidence: 91%

Diagnostic electron microscopy is still a timely and rewarding method

Biel

Gelderblom

1999

Journal of Clinical Virology

116

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“…They are primarily research techniques and are not used routinely. Among the in vitro tests are an immune adherence hemagglutination test (262), a reverse passive hemagglutination test (314,315), and a solid-phase aggregation of coupled erythrocytes technique (26,388), and PAGE (258). Various methods to detect rotavirus or rotavii-al proteins in infected cell cultures have been developed and include a collodial gold-protein A-IgG technique (289), a radioimmunofocus assay (220), and an immunoperoxidase procedure (44).…”

Section: Laboratory Methods and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Human viral gastroenteritis.

Christensen¹

1989

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

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CHRISTENSEN propagated by using special cell types or techniques or both (320, 353, 372). In addition, a variety of in vitro detection systems, including enzyme immunoassays (149, 175, 333, 408), radioimmunoassays (137, 141, 181, 264), latex agglutination (140, 169), and nucleic acid hybridization techniques (116, 175), have been developed for their rapid detection. The detection and identification of these agents are important since viral gastroenteritis is the second most common clinical entity in developed countries, second only to viral upper respiratory tract illness (188). Worldwide, acute gastroenteritis and its associated dehydration afflicts almost 500 million children annually. In underdeveloped or developing countries, acute gastroenteritis, including viral gastroenteritis, is the leading cause of death of children under the age of 4 years (360). Since 1980, a wealth of literature has developed covering many aspects of these viruses and the infections they cause, including their molecular biology, epidemiology, immunology, and clinical features. In addition, detection tests for routine use have been developed for rotaviruses (310) and fecal adenoviruses (333) and experimental rotavirus vaccines have been developed (184, 377, 379, 380). Of these viruses, rotaviruses are the most common known cause of viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, with the fastidious fecal adenoviruses most likely being the second most common cause in this age group (301, 369). Calici-, astro-, and coronaviruses are probably responsible for a minority of illness in the young age group (253, 302). In contrast, the Norwalk and Norwalk-like viruses have caused considerable numbers of outbreaks of gastroenteritis among older children, adolescents, and adults (136, 137, 189). ROTAVIRUSES Epidemiology Rotaviruses were first discovered in humans 15 years ago by Bishop et al. (18, 19) by the EM examination of duodenal

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human viral gastroenteritis

Christensen

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

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During the last 15 years, several different groups of fastidious viruses that are responsible for a large proportion of acute viral gastroenteritis cases have been discovered by the electron microscopic examination of stool specimens. This disease is one of the most prevalent and serious clinical syndromes seen around the world, especially in children. Rotaviruses, in the family Reoviridae, and fastidious fecal adenoviruses account for much of the viral gastroenteritis in infants and young children, whereas the small caliciviruses and unclassified astroviruses, and possibly enteric coronaviruses, are responsible for significantly fewer cases overall. In addition to electron microscopy, enzyme immunoassays and other rapid antigen detection systems have been developed to detect rotaviruses and fastidious fecal adenoviruses in the stool specimens of both nonhospitalized patients and those hospitalized for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Experimental rotavirus vaccines have also been developed, due to the prevalence and seriousness of rotavirus infection. The small, unclassified Norwalk virus and morphologically similar viruses are responsible for large and small outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in older children, adolescents, and adults. Hospitalization of older patients infected with these viruses is usually not required, and their laboratory diagnoses have been limited primarily to research laboratories.

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Detection of rotavirus by a latex agglutination test, Rotalex: comparison with electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Diagnostic electron microscopy is still a timely and rewarding method

Diagnostic electron microscopy is still a timely and rewarding method

Human viral gastroenteritis.

Human viral gastroenteritis

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