Detection of S100 protein from prostatic cancer patients using anti‐S100 protein antibody immobilized on POS‐PVA discs

Abstract

The S100 proteins have been extensively used as cancer biomarkers. The objectives of the present work were to immobilize the antibody anti-protein S100 to a net of semi-interpenetrated of polysiloxane and polyvinyl alcohol (POS-PVA discs), to investigate its capacity to capture S100 protein from serum and to quantify it by ELISA in sera from patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma (n = 15) and healthy individuals (n = 10). Also these values were compared to the S100 protein expression in the prostatic tissue through immunohistochemistry. The POS-PVA discs fixed about 92.8% of the offered antibody (7.75 microg of antibody per disc). The best values of the immobilized no-marked antibody anti-S100 and serum dilution were found to be 10 microg and 1:400, respectively. Optical density (OD) values for the sera of patients (0.425 +/- 0.042) with prostatic adenocarcinoma were significantly lower (P < 0.05) compared to those established for the healthy individuals (1.034 +/- 0.124). In the immunohistochemistry study no significant variations were observed in the number of positive S100 cells between prostatic adenocarcinoma (153.45 +/- 16.82) and normal prostate (147.04 +/- 18.98). These results showed a clear difference between S100 proteins expressed in tissue and presented in serum during the prostatic tissue neoplasic transformation. Sera analysis was more sensitive than immunohistochemistry S100 protein detection in the prostate tissue besides the advantage to be less invasive method.

Osteosarcoma Development and Stem Cell Differentiation

“…These findings suggest, while S100A6 is commonly overexpressed in OS, loss of its expression may correlate with a metastatic phenotype. A cluster of 16 types of S100 genes is located on 1q21, which is frequently amplified or rearranged [25,35,37,71,158,190,209]. S100 proteins constitute a group of nearly 20 proteins that contain wellconserved EF-hand calcium-binding domains [209].…”

“…S100 proteins constitute a group of nearly 20 proteins that contain wellconserved EF-hand calcium-binding domains [209]. Several S100 proteins have been associated with human cancers [25,35,37,71,158,190,209].…”

S100 protein in breast tumor

“…All the S100 proteins will form homodimer and heterodimer [1] to play a role. At present, it has been reported that abnormal expression of S100 protein is related to multiple tumors, such as thyroid cancer, [10,11] renal carcinoma, [12][13][14] melanoma, [15][16][17] breast cancer, [18,19] colorectal cancer, [20][21][22] bladder cancer, [23,24] prostatic cancer, [25,26] lung cancer, [27][28][29] gastric cancer [30,31] and so on. [8] Each EF-hand-shape structure domain is composed of two spirals (E spiral and F spiral) and a link in the middle; Ca 2+ is connected with this link, [9] and the two hand-shape structure domains are connected by a hinge region.…”