Detection of serum antibody levels against newcastle disease in local chickens in Bauchi metropolis, Bauchi state, Nigeria

Nwankiti, Obinna O.; Ejekwolu, AJ; Ibrahim, Ima-Nurisa; Ndako, James A.; Echeonwu, Gon

doi:10.4314/ajcem.v11i2.53915

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In Nigeria, the disease has been detected in all the agro-ecological zones of the country (NVRI unpublished data, 2006). Over the years, epizootiology of ND in Nigeria has been based mostly on conventional methods viz: serological [6,69,71,75,83,85,92] and virus isolation with biological characterization [5,28,40,48,62,70,74,96]. Recently, however, attempts were made by using molecular techniques at defining the genotypes and molecular epidemiology of the circulating virus in West and Central Africa including Nigeria [19,99,[101][102][103]108].…”

Section: Epizootiology Of Nd In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Newcastle disease in Nigeria: epizootiology and current knowledge of circulating genotypes

2016

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Over the years, Newcastle disease (ND) has defied all available control measures. The disease has remained at the forefront of infectious diseases afflicting poultry production after avian influenza. Despite the continuous global use of million doses of ND vaccine annually, the causative pathogen, avian paramyxovirus type 1 also known as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has continued to evolve causing, even more, a threat not only to the unvaccinated but the vaccinated flocks inclusive. The disease has been well studied in the developed countries where the virus is found in circulation. However, limited information exists on the epizootiology and circulating genotypes of the virus in developing countries where the majority of the flocks are raised on the extensive management system. Identification of virulent NDV in apparently healthy free-range ducks in this system calls for concern and pragmatic approach to investigate factor(s) that favour the virus inhabiting the ducks without clinical manifestation of the disease. Recently, novel genotypes (XIV, XVII, and XVIII) with peculiarity to West and Central African countries have been discovered and due to lack or poor surveillance system possibility of hitherto unreported genotypes are likely. This review elucidates and discusses available literature on the diversity of the circulating NDV genotypes across the West Africa countries and the epizootiology (molecular) of the disease in Nigeria with the view of identifying gaps in knowledge that can assist in the development of effective vaccines and control strategies to combat the peril of the disease.

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Section: Epizootiology Of Nd In Nigeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Newcastle disease in Nigeria: epizootiology and current knowledge of circulating genotypes

2016

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“…Sample size was calculated using the formula outlined by Joachin (1998): n = p x (100 -p) x z 2 /d 2 Where: n = sample size, p = expected prevalence (56.3%) (Nwakiti, et al, 2010), d= desired precision (.05) and z = appropriate value from the normal for the desired confidence (1.96). A total of 378 serum samples were computed from an expected prevalence of 56.3% (Nwakiti, et al, 2010). The sample size was increased fourfold from 378 to1512 to obtain a result comparable to that of random sampling (Martins et al, 1987).…”

Section: Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ND was first reported in Nigeria in 1953 (Hill 1953) and subsequently, in various part of the country (Nwanta et al, 2008). Even though ND has also been reported from North eastern States of Bauchi, Borno, Gombe and Yobe States (Lawal et al 2015;Sule et al 2013;Garba et al 2012, Nwakiti et al, 2010, the report from Bauchi State was restricted to Bauchi Metropolis despite the fact that the state has over 5 million domestic chickens (Adene and Oguntade, 2006). The need to investigate the disease in domestic chickens beyond the metropolis becomes necessary for planning the control of the disease in these chickens in the State which is a major producer of domestic chickens in Nigeria (Adene and Oguntade, 2006); and for improvement in the productivity of these chickens to meet the challenges of eradication of poverty and hunger which needs urgent attention in the State and the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence and detection of newcastle disease virus matrix gene in domestic local breed of chickens from eight communities in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Sule¹,

Abdu²,

Junaidu³

et al. 2019

Nig. Vet. J.

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Indigenous breed of domestic chickens have been identified as an appropriate tool for eradication poverty and hunger because of the ease at which poor people can acquire, grow and consume or sale the meat and eggs of these animals. The production of these chickens is largely constrained by disease especially, velogenic Newcastle disease (ND) which have the potential of wiping out an entire susceptible chicken population. Foundational to the control of ND in local breed of chickens in every community is the need for baseline information. Such information is scanty in Bauchi State even though the state is one of the major producers of these chickens in Nigeria. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of ND and also detect Newcastle disease virus (NDV) for the purpose of understanding the presence and distribution of the disease in the State. This study was conducted among 1085 village chickens from nine (9) randomly selected communities in Bauchi State, Nigeria. The seroprevalence of ND by Haemagglutination inhibition test was 36.4%. Matrix gene of ND virus (NDV) was also detected from 29.9% of 281 pooled cloacal swabs of the same chickens. The result indicates that ND virus (NDV) and its antibodies were widespread among village chickens in these communities. Vaccination is suggested as an appropriate control measure to protect chickens against a possible attack by a velogenic strain of NDV in chickens from these communities.

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“…The spread and threat of ND to the poultry industry have been attributed mainly to commercial poultry reared in intensively managed poultry systems. Recently, attention has been drawn to scavenging village poultry species when various strains and pathotypes of NDV were isolated from apparently healthy village chickens, ducks, and quails [ 9 , 10 ]. Echeonwu [ 11 ] reported the isolation of a highly velogenic strain of NDV from apparently healthy ducks in Nigeria, which has been incriminated in the ND field and experimental outbreaks in chickens associated with very high mortality and morbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Newcastle disease virus in feces of free-range turkeys in Enugu, Nigeria

et al. 2020

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Background and Aim: Newcastle disease (ND) virus of free-range turkeys may be linked to outbreaks of ND in backyard chickens seen during Harmattan in Enugu State in Southeast Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of ND virus and (NDV) detect NDV in the feces of free-range, domestic turkeys in Enugu, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 569 serum and 569 cloacal swab samples were collected from adult turkeys in selected households that keep turkeys and chickens together in the study area. The serum samples were assayed for antibodies against NDV using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, whereas the cloacal samples were subjected to virus detection using a hemagglutination (HA) test. Results: A total of 186 serum samples (32.7%) were positive for NDV and 383 (67.3%) were negative. Of the 186 NDV-positive serum samples, 138 (74.2%) had HI titers ≥ 8. The remaining 48 (25.8%) serum samples had HI titers <8. NDV was detected from the cloacal swabs of turkeys with NDV -positive serum samples. Conclusion: The turkeys in this study were not previously vaccinated with the NDV vaccine; thus, those with NDV -positive serum samples and virus shedding in their feces may be potential risks to chickens reared in the same households as well as on commercial farms in the area. Those turkeys with sera negative for NDV are regarded to be at risk if they encounter a virulent strain of NDV. Regular vaccination of turkeys against the NDV is advised, especially in backyard farms, where turkeys are reared together with chickens and other species of poultry.

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Detection of serum antibody levels against newcastle disease in local chickens in Bauchi metropolis, Bauchi state, Nigeria

Abstract: ABSTRACT

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Newcastle disease in Nigeria: epizootiology and current knowledge of circulating genotypes

Newcastle disease in Nigeria: epizootiology and current knowledge of circulating genotypes

Seroprevalence and detection of newcastle disease virus matrix gene in domestic local breed of chickens from eight communities in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Prevalence of Newcastle disease virus in feces of free-range turkeys in Enugu, Nigeria

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