Detection of Solar Wind Disturbances: Mexican Array Radio Telescope IPS Observations at 140 MHz

Romero‐Hernández, E.; González-Esparza, A.; Aguilar-Rodríguez, E.; Ontiveros-Hernandez, V.; Villanueva-Hernandez, P.

doi:10.1007/s11207-015-0690-3

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…There is also a strong interference around 19:20, which is associated with an emission from a satellite. Previous studies have shown that the wavelet transform (WT) can be used in the analysis of IPS observations (Aguilar-Rodriguez et al, 2014;Romero-Hernandez et al, 2015). Figure 9b shows the WT power spectrum after applying the WT to the time series of Figure 9a using the code of Torrence and Compo (1998).…”

Section: Ips Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A very fast and hypothetical geoeffective coronal mass ejection, propagating toward the Earth, could travel several hours without ground tracking until it reaches the L1 position, where a spacecraft would take in‐situ measurements and finally providing an early warning of only a few minutes. The IPS observations may be used as a remote sensing technique to measure solar wind disturbances, which can potentially detect solar wind's large‐scale perturbations for some hours (up to days) in advance before they reach 1 AU (Romero‐Hernandez et al., 2015). The necessity of monitoring space weather conditions, as well as to accomplishing the aims of scientific studies, led us to improve the detection of IPS radio sources and, hence to upgrade MEXART's analog back‐end to a digital system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MEXART was originally operating with a 16 × 16 Butler matrix, which produced 16 fixed latitudinal beams (Gonzalez-Esparza et al, 2004). Using 1/4 of the antenna (16 E-W lines), MEXART undertook operations and reported the first measurements of IPS sources (Mejia-Ambriz et al, 2010), the detection of solar wind transient events (Romero-Hernandez et al, 2015), and the systematic observations of a few IPS sources to infer the yearly variation of their scintillation indexes (Chang et al, 2016). To improve the single-station fitting analysis, Aguilar-Rodriguez et al (2014) presented a new technique based on the wavelet transform for analyzing MEXART IPS data.…”

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First Observations of the New MEXART's Digital System

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The Mexican Array Radio Telescope (MEXART) is a transit instrument mainly dedicated to performing interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations with a central operating frequency of 139.65 MHz. The main scientific objective is to perform studies of solar wind properties and space weather effects. MEXART initially operated with an analog beam former (16 × 16 Butler matrix), which produced 16 fixed latitudinal beams. MEXART began operations and reported the first measurements of IPS sources. MEXART's beam forming system had several problems, however. The North‐South beams had poor directivity, with large side lobes, and the instrument did not achieve the expected performance. Therefore, we commissioned the design and construction of a digital back‐end. The digital system solved the problems with the beam forming, increases the bandwidth, and significantly improves the instrument's sensitivity. In this paper, we present the first light of MEXART's digital system. We describe the new technical capabilities of the instrument, and we show some preliminary results: an estimation of the radio telescope's sensitivity (ΔSmin = 2.28 ± 0.23 Jy), the transit of the Galaxy at 140 MHz with the simultaneous tracking of 62 latitudinal beams, and an example of an IPS observation and the single‐station methodology for calculating the solar wind speed. The new technical capabilities of the radio telescope will provide the potential for participating in several scientific studies. These include solar wind properties, space weather forecasting, ionospheric perturbations, and astrophysical aims such as the monitoring of repeating fast radio bursts and pulsars' observations.

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Section: Ips Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First Observations of the New MEXART's Digital System

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“…This transit radio telescope has an extension of 140 m along the east‐west direction and 70 m along the north‐south direction, covering a physical area of about 9600 m 2 [ Gonzalez‐Esparza et al , ; Mejia‐Ambriz et al , ]. The main scientific objective for space weather purposes is to track large‐scale solar wind perturbations (such as coronal mass ejections and stream interaction regions) in their course from the Sun to the Earth using Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) observations [ Romero‐Hernandez et al , ; Chang et al , ]. The IPS is detected with radio telescope measurements of extragalactic radio sources with a signal that is affected by solar wind electron density variations [ Hewish et al , ].…”

Section: Ground‐based Instrumental Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mexican Space Weather Service (SCiESMEX)

et al. 2017

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Legislative modifications of the General Civil Protection Law in Mexico in 2014 included specific references to space hazards and space weather phenomena. The legislation is consistent with United Nations promotion of international engagement and cooperation on space weather awareness, studies, and monitoring. These internal and external conditions motivated the creation of a space weather service in Mexico. The Mexican Space Weather Service (SCiESMEX in Spanish) (www.sciesmex.unam.mx) was initiated in October 2014 and is operated by the Institute of Geophysics at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). SCiESMEX became a Regional Warning Center of the International Space Environment Services (ISES) in June 2015. We present the characteristics of the service, some products, and the initial actions for developing a space weather strategy in Mexico. The service operates a computing infrastructure including a web application, data repository, and a high‐performance computing server to run numerical models. SCiESMEX uses data of the ground‐based instrumental network of the National Space Weather Laboratory (LANCE), covering solar radio burst emissions, solar wind and interplanetary disturbances (by interplanetary scintillation observations), geomagnetic measurements, and analysis of the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere (by employing data from local networks of GPS receiver stations).

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“…This transit radio telescope has an extension of 140 m along the east-west direction and 70 m along the north-south direction, covering a physical area of about 9600 m2 [Gonzalez-Esparza et al, 2004;Mejia-Ambriz et al, 2010]. The main scientifi c objective for space weather purposes is to track largescale solar wind perturbations (such as coronal mass ejections and stream interaction regions) in their course fromthe Sun to the Earth using Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) observations [Romero-Hernandez et al, 2015;Chang et al, 2015]. The IPS is detected with radio telescope measurements of extragalactic radio sources with a signal that is affected by solar wind electron density variations [Hewish et al, 1964].…”

Section: Mexican Array Radio Telescope (Mexart)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Weather Quarterly Volume 14, Issue 1, 2017

2017

Space Weather Quarterly

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Detection of Solar Wind Disturbances: Mexican Array Radio Telescope IPS Observations at 140 MHz

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

First Observations of the New MEXART's Digital System

First Observations of the New MEXART's Digital System

Mexican Space Weather Service (SCiESMEX)

Space Weather Quarterly Volume 14, Issue 1, 2017

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