Detection of the anaerobic dechlorinating microorganism Desulfomonile tiedjei in environmental matrices by its signature lipopolysacchride branched-long-chain hydroxy fatty acids

Ringelberg, David B.; Townsend, G. Todd; DeWeerd, Kim A.; Suflita, Joseph M.; White, David C.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00085.x

Cited by 53 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Total PLFA provided a measure of the viable microbial biomass in the sediment, and the ResFA provided an indicator of the accumulation of dead bacterial cells due to cell turnover. Published values for the ratio of PLFA: ResFA in pure cultures of gram-negative bacteria ranged from 6.7 for Escherichia coli (Balkwill et al 1988) to 7.0 and 11.5 for Demlfomonile tiedjei grown under different culture conditions (Edlund et al 1985) and from 3.7 to 23.8 for six strains ofDesulfovibrio (Ringelberg et al 1994). Although the ResFA is a biomarker for the gram-negative bacteria, it is degraded much more slowly than is PLFA, especially in anaerobic sediments (Harvey et al 1986).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

A preliminary study of the geochemical and microbiological characteristics of modern sedimentary concretions

Duan

Hedrick

Pye

et al. 1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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Parallel mineralogical, geochemical, and lipid biomarker analyses of sedimentary siderite concretions and their host sediments were undertaken to give detailed information about 1 he microbially mediated diagenetic processes involved. Concretions were collected from two contrasting emironments at Warham, north Norfolk-typical brownish silty marsh sediment and black anaerobic mud from a creek bank-but no major differences in their mineralogy or geochemistry were found. Samples consisted of siderite, amorphous iron oxides, and iron sulfides with more carbonate present in the outer than in the inner parts. Subsamples from the concretions were found to be more similar to each other in their sulfide and organic carbon contents than to the host sediments. The microbiological characteristics revealed by lipid biomarker analysis showed considerable variation between concretions and host sediments, between individual concretions, and between inner and outer parts of the concretions. The predominant sulfate-reducing bacteria were more numerous in the concretions than in host sediments, but varied greatly within the cc,ncretions. The biomarker i 17: lw7c for Desulfovibrio was enriched within the concretions, suggesting that these bacteria, which are capable of reducing iron directly, played an important role in concretion formation. The lipid biomarker data indicated that the bacterial community changed during concretion formation and that different conditions for preservation existed in the concretions compared with the host sediments.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

A preliminary study of the geochemical and microbiological characteristics of modern sedimentary concretions

Duan

Hedrick

Pye

et al. 1996

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…The polar lipid fraction was transesterified into fatty-acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using a mild-alkaline system containing methanol (White et al 1979). The resulting FAMEs were separated and identified using a coupled gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer as described by Ringelberg et al (1994). We used the mole fraction (in percentage) of each PLFA to indicate the relative proportion of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi in soil.…”

Section: Microbial Community Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric CO 2 and the Composition and Function of Soil Microbial Communities

Zak¹,

Pregitzer²,

Holmes³

2000

Ecological Applications

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Abstract. Elevated atmospheric CO 2 has the potential to increase the production and alter the chemistry of organic substrates entering soil from plant production, the magnitude of which is constrained by soil-N availability. Because microbial growth in soil is limited by substrate inputs from plant production, we reasoned that changes in the amount and chemistry of these organic substrates could affect the composition of soil microbial communities and the cycling of N in soil. We studied microbial community composition and soil-N transformations beneath Populus tremuloides Michx. growing under experimental atmospheric CO 2 (35.7 and 70.7 Pa) and soil-N-availability (low N ϭ 61 ng N·g Ϫ1 ·d Ϫ1 and high N ϭ 319 ng N·g Ϫ1 ·d Ϫ1 ) treatments. Atmospheric CO 2 concentration was modified in large, open-top chambers, and we altered soil-N availability in open-bottom root boxes by mixing different proportions of A and C horizon material. We used phospholipid fatty-acid analysis to gain insight into microbial community composition and coupled this analysis to measurements of soil-N transformations using 15 N-pool dilution techniques. The information presented here is part of an integrated experiment designed to elucidate the physiological mechanisms controlling the flow of C and N in the plant-soil system. Our objectives were (1) to determine whether changes in plant growth and tissue chemistry alter microbial community composition and soil-N cycling in response to increasing atmospheric CO 2 and soil-N availability and (2) to integrate the results of our experiment into a synthesis of elevated atmospheric CO 2 and the cycling of C and N in terrestrial ecosystems.After 2.5 growing seasons, microbial biomass, gross N mineralization, microbial immobilization, and nitrification (gross and net) were equivalent at ambient and elevated CO 2 , suggesting that increases in fine-root production and declines in fine-root N concentration were insufficient to alter the influence of native soil organic matter on microbial physiology; this was the case in both low-and high-N soil. Similarly, elevated CO 2 did not alter the proportion of bacterial, actinomycetal, or fungal phospholipid fatty acids in low-N or high-N soil, indicating that changes in substrate input from greater plant growth under elevated CO 2 did not alter microbial community composition. Our results differ from a substantial number of studies reporting increases and decreases in soil-N cycling under elevated CO 2 . From our analysis, it appears that soil-N cycling responds to elevated atmospheric CO 2 in experimental situations where plant roots have fully colonized the soil and root-associated C inputs are sufficient to modify the influence of native soil organic matter on microbial physiology. In young developing ecosystems where plant roots have not fully exploited the soil, microbial metabolism appears to be regulated by relatively large pools of soil organic matter, rather than by the additional input of organic substrates under elevated CO 2 .

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“…The PLFA and dimethylacetal (DMA) methyl esters were recovered. The PLFA and DMAs were separated, quantified and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS; Ringelberg et al, 1994). Fatty acids were identified by relative retention times, comparison with authentic standards (Matreya) and by the mass spectra (collected at an electron energy of 70 mV; Ringelberg et al, 1989).…”

Section: Lipid Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial characterization of a JP‐4 fuel‐contaminated site using a combined lipid biomarker/polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR–DGGE)‐based approach

Stephen

Chang

Gan

et al. 1999

Environmental Microbiology

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The impact of pollution on soil microbial communities and subsequent bioremediation can be measured quantitatively in situ using direct, non-culture-dependent techniques. Such techniques have advantages over culture-based methods, which often account for less than 1% of the extant microbial community. In 1988, a JP-4 fuel spill contaminated the glacio-fluvial aquifer at Wurtsmith Air Force Base, Michigan, USA. In this study, lipid biomarker characterization of the bacterial and eukaryotic communities was combined with polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis of the eubacterial community to evaluate correlation between contaminant (JP-4 fuel) concentration and community structure shifts. Vadose, capillary fringe and saturated zone samples were taken from cores within and up- and down-gradient from the contaminant plume. Lipid biomarker analysis indicated that samples from within the plume contained increased biomass, with large proportions of typically gram-negative bacteria. Outside the plume, lipid profiles indicated low-biomass microbial communities compared with those within the initial spill site. 16S rDNA sequences derived from DGGE profiles from within the initial spill site suggested dominance of the eubacterial community by a limited number of phylogenetically diverse organisms. Used in tandem with pollutant quantification, these molecular techniques should facilitate significant improvements over current assessment procedures for the determination of remediation end-points.

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Detection of the anaerobic dechlorinating microorganism Desulfomonile tiedjei in environmental matrices by its signature lipopolysacchride branched-long-chain hydroxy fatty acids

Cited by 53 publications

References 25 publications

A preliminary study of the geochemical and microbiological characteristics of modern sedimentary concretions

A preliminary study of the geochemical and microbiological characteristics of modern sedimentary concretions

Atmospheric CO 2 and the Composition and Function of Soil Microbial Communities

Microbial characterization of a JP‐4 fuel‐contaminated site using a combined lipid biomarker/polymerase chain reaction–denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR–DGGE)‐based approach

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