Detection of the Prostate Cancer Biomarker PCA3 with Electrochemical and Impedance-Based Biosensors

Abstract

Diagnosis of prostate cancer via PCA3 biomarker detection is promising to be much more efficient than with the prostatic specific antigens currently used. In this study, we present the first electrochemical and impedance-based biosensors that are capable of detecting PCA3 down to 0.128 nmol/L. The biosensors were made with a layer of PCA3-complementary single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe, immobilized on a layer-by-layer (LbL) film of chitosan (CHT) and carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). They are highly selective to PCA3, which was confirmed in impedance measurements and with polarizationmodulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Using information visualization methods, we could also distinguish between cell lines expressing the endogenous PCA3 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) from cells that did not contain detectable levels of this biomarker. Since the methods involved in fabrication the biosensors are potentially low cost, one may hope to deploy PCA3 tests in any laboratory of clinical analyses and even for point-of-care diagnostics.

RETRACTED: LncRNA DLX6-AS1 Promotes Malignant Phenotype and Lymph Node Metastasis in Prostate Cancer by Inducing LARGE Methylation

“…LncRNAs have already been proved to be abnormally expressed in prostate cancer tissues and are related to the malignant phenotypes of prostate cancer cells, including EMT, metastasis, and invasion (13,14). Thus, one or more of the abnormally expressed lncRNAs may serve as promising therapeutic targets for treating patients with prostate cancer.…”

Polysaccharide Multilayer Films in Sensors for Detecting Prostate Tumor Cells Based on Hyaluronan-CD44 Interactions

“…This coefficient varies between −1 and 1, in which values near 1 indicate a high distinction ability between the clusters, and values near 0 and −1 indicate that the data do not assist in distinguishing the samples. The CHI/HA sensors presented a high analytical performance with a silhouette coefficient of 0.791, which is comparable to that of biosensors to detect new prostate (CaP) biomarkers [25].…”

“…Another strategy focuses on the identification of pre-selected RNA markers using reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reactions (RT/PCR) [19]. These strategies based on CTC detection are complementary to those involving the determination of prostate cancer biomarkers such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) [20][21][22] and prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) [23][24][25].…”

“…In the experiments described herein, the LbL film growth was monitored using polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Detection was performed using impedance spectroscopy measurements, and the data were treated with an information visualization method [25,28].…”

LncRNA SNHG1 and RNA Binding Protein hnRNPL form a Complex and Coregulate CDH1 to Boost the Growth and Metastasis of Prostate Cancer

“…LncRNAs participates in the development of cancer through a variety of mechanisms that regulate transcription, translation and protein function [23]. LncRNA prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) has been approved by the U.S. FDA as a marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer, and has also been included in "Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Urological Diseases in China" [24], announcing tremendous potential of lncRNA as a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, which is worthy of in-depth study. Although Several studies proved that SNHG1 promoted PCa proliferation via serving as "miRNA sponeges" [11,12], the functions and potential mechanisms in PCa remains unclear.…”