Detection of Theileria orientalis Genotypes from Cattle in Kyrgyzstan

Abstract

The ikeda and chitose genotypes of Theileria orientalis, which for many years were thought to be benign, cause a disease that results in significant economic losses in the cattle industry. This study was carried out in order to determine the genotypes of T. orientalis in cattle in Kyrgyzstan, and 149 archived DNA samples known to be T. orientalis were analyzed by the PCR amplification of the major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene region. Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was performed to uncover the nucleotide changes in the archived DNA samples, and 15 samples showing different band profiles were subjected to sequence analysis. As a result of the sequence analysis, it was seen that the samples belonged to the buffeli and chitose A genotypes. In order to identify mixed genotypes, PCR was performed using primers specific for these genotypes, and buffeli (type 3), chitose (type 1) and buffeli+chitose were found to be positive in 26.2%, 2% and 71.8% of samples, respectively. As a result of this study, we showed the presence of buffeli (type 3) and chitose (type 1) genotypes of T. orientalis in cattle in Kyrgyzstan. Comprehensive epidemiological studies are needed to understand the clinical infections caused by the pathogenic chitose A and to determine the geographical distribution and different genotypes of T. orientalis.

Survey of tick-borne pathogens in grazing horses in Kyrgyzstan: phylogenetic analysis, genetic diversity, and prevalence of Theileria equi

“…In recent years, these methods have been widely used in epidemiological studies (46)(47)(48)(49)(50). Although the presence of different TBPs in cattle, sheep, and dogs (HM species, B. vogeli, B. vulpes, A. centrale, A. capra, A. phagocytophilum-like 1, A. ovis, B. major, T. annulata, and T. orientalis) has been previously reported in Kyrgyzstan (14,15,(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36), this study is the first molecular study investigating TBPs in horses in the country.…”

“…To date, no record of equine-TBPs has been found in the literature in Kyrgyzstan. Recently, it has been reported first molecular presence and prevalence of the important TBPs such as canine and bovine hemotropic mycoplasma species ( 31 , 32 ), B. vogeli, B. vulpes in dogs ( 33 ), A. centrale, A. capra , A. phagocytophilum -like 1, B. major, T. annulata, and T. orientalis in cattle ( 14 , 15 , 34 , 35 ), A. ovis, A. capra , and A. phagocytophilum -like 1 in sheep ( 36 ) in Kyrgyzstan. In this study, we aimed to survey of TBPs (EP, HM, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Anaplasma capra ) in grazing horses in Kyrgyzstan and to detect the genetic diversity of the pathogens.…”

Molecular Analysis of Tick-Borne Bacterial Pathogens from Ticks Infesting Animal Hosts in Kyrgyzstan, 2021

“…In 2019, Aktas [ 27 ] performed the first molecular epidemiological study on bovine piroplasmosis, including B. major , T. orientalis , and T. annulata , using cattle blood samples. Ozubek [ 28 ] identified the genotypes of T. orientalis in the blood of cattle using Single-Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. In 2022, Anaplasma species ( A. phagocytophilum like-1, A. ovis and A. capra ) were detected in cattle [ 29 ] and sheep [ 31 ] in nine regions of Kyrgyzstan.…”

“…In addition, various TBPs have been detected in animal hosts, including cattle ( Anaplasma centrale , A. phagocytophilum like-1, A. capra , A. marginale , Babesia bovis , B. bigemina , B. major , Theileria orientalis , and T. annulata ) [ 22 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], sheep ( A. phagocytophilum -like 1, A. ovis , and A. capra ) [ 22 , 31 ], and dogs ( B. vogeli , B. vulpes , and T. ovis ) [ 22 , 32 ] in Kyrgyzstan. Although the molecular studies on tick-transmitted pathogens in the blood of several animals in Kyrgyzstan have been reported, no research has been conducted on tick-borne bacterial pathogens in tick-infesting animal hosts.…”

First Molecular Evidence of Babesia vogeli, Babesia vulpes, and Theileria ovis in Dogs from Kyrgyzstan

“…Recently, we reported the first molecular presence and prevalence of Dirofilaria immitis ( D. immitis ) and D. repens [ 16 ], canine and bovine hemotropic mycoplasma species [ 17 , 18 ], and canine hepatozoonozis in dogs from Kyrgyzstan [ 19 ]. On the other hand, the presence of T. orientalis, T. annulata, B. major [ 20 , 21 ], Anaplasma centrale ( A. centrale ) , A. phagocytophilum -like 1, A. capra , and A. ovis were revealed in cattle and sheep [ 22 , 23 ]. In this study, we aimed to detect Babesia species infecting shelter dogs in Kyrgyzstan and to confirm the species of the parasite detected through sequencing.…”