Detection of third-hand smoke on clothing fibers with a surface acoustic wave gas sensor

Cheng, Chi-Yung; Huang, S.S.; Yang, Chia-Min; Tang, Kea-Tiong; Yao, Da‐Jeng

doi:10.1063/1.4939941

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…They need to take over the responsibilities of those who frequently go out to smoke and suffer from exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Recent studies disclosed the danger of exposure to third-hand smoke on biomarker level and on clinical basis [8] [9] [10]. In addition, the unofficial smoking break during work time of CS is against the duties and obligations stipulated by public service act.…”

Section: Discussion and Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the total number of CS all over Japan (#7) is 3,323,000, and is approximately 526 times as much as two cities combined (#8). [8] Therefore, annual SSB for CS of all over Japan (#9) is 526 times of that of two cities combined and estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million (= #4 X #8 ).…”

Section: Assumption and Calculation Of Annual Ssb Of Cs Of All Over Jmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan

Sono¹

2018

SJPH

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Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) of Japan was estimated after a survey of the number of smoking CS during office hours at outdoor Designated Smoking Area (DSA) of two cities, namely Amagasaki and Nishinomiya. The total number of smoking CS during office hours per day at these city main offices was 547 and 400 respectively. The total SSB of CS of two cities combined per year is estimated as more than US$ 2 million. Approximately, the number of CS all over Japan is 526 times as much as that of two cities combined. Based on this data, total SSB during office hours of CS all over Japan is estimated as more than US$ 1,052 million. The source of this huge amount of SSB for CS is the tax paid by the people and is not acceptable from tax-payers' point of view. Ban on smoking of CS during office hours is beneficial not only for smoking CS to have the chance to quit or reduce smoking, but also for no smoking colleagues to be free from extra work during the absence of smokers for smoking break and to avoid the risk of the exposure to third-hand smoke from returned smokers. Therefore, ban on smoking of CS during office hours should be welcomed not only by the people, but also by CS regardless of smoking status. This ban could be extended to private work places as a good role model, and protect the health of workers from the risk of active and passive smoking including third-hand smoke. The implementation of this ban may help the better understanding of Japanese people for tobacco de-normalization as the social norm.

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Section: Discussion and Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assumption and Calculation Of Annual Ssb Of Cs Of All Over Jmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan

Sono¹

2018

SJPH

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“…Surface waves have been widely used for damage detection in many engineering structures [1][2][3]. The sensors, which receive the surface waves, play an important role in damage detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Attenuation Properties of Surface Wave of AE Simulation Source Based on OPCM Sensor Element

Wang

Xue

et al. 2018

Journal of Sensors

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It is of great significance to grasp the ultrasonic attenuation characteristics of materials for the nondestructive testing of materials. The dynamic properties of a piezoelectric composite material (OPCM) with self-developed transverse anisotropy have been analyzed using the experiment in this work. The OPCM sensor is attached to the surface of the iron plate and concrete structures to sense the surface waves generated by acoustic emission (AE). The experiment results show that OPCM sensor elements have unique advantages compared to piezoelectric ceramic materials (PZT). Further, by comparing the signals of isotropic and anisotropic materials, the attenuation characteristics of surface waves propagating in different materials are studied, and a new method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of surface waves is demonstrated.

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“…The explosive characteristic of methane is of concern for public safety. In addition, people breathing methane at a high concentration might suffer health problems, resulting in an oxygen deficiency, increased breathing and pulse rates, emotional upset and even death.Many gas-sensing methods include sensor arrays demonstrated with various catalytic metals and chemical compounds, or an opticalfiber gas sensor.12,13 The modalities for a gas-sensing array include surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) [14][15][16] and quartz-crystal devices, micromachined cantilevers, 17 and semiconducting metal-oxide (MOX) resistors. 18 In 2006 Star's team used a gas-sensor array with coated electrochemical metal films to detect a mixture of gases such as H 2 , CH 4 , H 2 S and CO. 19 The advantages of optical-fiber gas sensors are high sensitivity, rapid response and long-term stability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 The modalities for a gas-sensing array include surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) [14][15][16] and quartz-crystal devices, micromachined cantilevers, 17 and semiconducting metal-oxide (MOX) resistors. 18 In 2006 Star's team used a gas-sensor array with coated electrochemical metal films to detect a mixture of gases such as H 2 , CH 4 , H 2 S and CO. 19 The advantages of optical-fiber gas sensors are high sensitivity, rapid response and long-term stability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Hazardous Vapors Including Mixtures in Varied Conditions Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Device

Chiang

Hao

Yang

et al. 2018

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

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A surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) sensor was used to detect gaseous chemical compounds ammonia, methane and their mixtures in varied environmental conditions. The sensing chamber was improved using top-cover PMMA with 200-μL fluidic channels, compared with a traditional 1-L four-neck bottle. Small concentrations of ammonia (≈ 250 ppb) and methane (≈ 9 ppm) were detectable with this SAW sensor array with a sensing film, PNVP with mesoporous carbon hollow nanospheres. Tests of the stability and repeatability showed that the noise of the frequency change is about ± 12.5 Hz within 410 s; the signal loss is less than 9% after 16 detection cycles. According to the results of the sensing measurements, the frequency shift of the ammonia/methane mixture was equivalent to the sum of the frequency shifts of ammonia and methane. In highly humid conditions the loss of signal of ammonia was much larger than that of methane. Based on the results of quantitative measurements of ammonia/methane gaseous mixtures, we found that the superposition effect between sensing signals for ammonia and methane was useable to predict the signal intensity for ammonia/methane gaseous mixtures at varied relative concentrations. Because of the threat of environmental pollution and its risk to human health, there is a great demand for a gas sensor with high sensitivity, rapid response and a low detection limit that is applicable to a mixture of gases for real-time monitoring. An electronic nose has been widely used in many applications such as for the quality of indoor air, food safety, environmental monitoring and military applications, even in national security issues.1,2 Substantial consideration has been devoted to develop an electronic-nose system in gas sensing of volatile organic compounds without having to identify specific molecular components.3-7 Compared with conventional methods for the analysis of gases, such as use of a gas chromatograph combined with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) or a (Fourier-transform) infrared spectrometer, an electronic nose has several advantages greatly beneficial for gas detection, including high-throughput sample detection, small size and moderate cost. 8,9 Furthermore, an electronic nose is suitable for nonexpert users and easily applicable to daily life. 10 In traditional biomedical testing, the concentration of ammonia is an important biomarker for the detection of uremia and chronic liver disease. The level of ammonia in the breath of chronic hepatitis patients (0.745 ppm) is significantly greater than that for a normal person (0.278 ppm); 11 patients who have liver failure exhale 4.8-ppm ammonia in their breath. The explosive characteristic of methane is of concern for public safety. In addition, people breathing methane at a high concentration might suffer health problems, resulting in an oxygen deficiency, increased breathing and pulse rates, emotional upset and even death.Many gas-sensing methods include sensor arrays demonstrated with various catalytic metals and chemical compounds, or an opticalfiber gas...

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Detection of third-hand smoke on clothing fibers with a surface acoustic wave gas sensor

Cited by 15 publications

References 18 publications

Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan

Salary for Smoking Break (SSB) of Civil Servants (CS) in Japan

Study on Attenuation Properties of Surface Wave of AE Simulation Source Based on OPCM Sensor Element

Detection of Hazardous Vapors Including Mixtures in Varied Conditions Using a Surface-Acoustic-Wave Device

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