Detection of tilapia lake virus (Ti<scp>LV</scp>) infection by <scp>PCR</scp> in farmed and wild Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) from Lake Victoria

Mugimba, Kizito K.; Chengula, Augustino Alfred; Wamala, Samuel; Mwega, Elisa; Kasanga, Christopher J.; Byarugaba, Denis K.; Mdegela, Robinson H.; Tal, Sara; Bornstein, B; Dishon, Arnon; Mutoloki, Stephen; David, Lior; Evensen, Øystein; Munang’andu, Hetron Mweemba

doi:10.1111/jfd.12790

Cited by 92 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Tissue distribution of TiLV by RT‐PCR assay revealed its presence in all the organs tested in naturally and experimentally infected O. niloticus and O. mossambicus . Our observation regarding the presence of TiLV in spleen, liver, brain, heart, abdominal muscle, gill, kidney, intestine and eye of Mozambique tilapia by RT‐PCR agrees with the observation made by Dong et al () and Mugimba et al () whose reports revealed the presence of TiLV in all the organs of Nile tilapia by in situ hybridization and RT‐PCR. A knowledge of the tissue distribution of pathogen in the host can help us to understand issues related to disease susceptibility, tissue damage caused by the pathogen, transmission, selection of organ for pathogen isolation and detection, and development of control measures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

In vitro propagation of tilapia lake virus in cell lines developed from Oreochromis mossambicus

Nanthini¹,

Majeed²,

Vimal³

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV)‐suspected samples of tilapia were collected from grow‐out ponds located with clinical signs and mortality ranged from 5% to 50%. The reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) assay revealed the presence of TiLV in the disease outbreak ponds. Cell lines were developed from heart, gill and eye of Mozambique tilapia and characterized. Morphologically, these cell lines are composed of epithelioid cells. The optimum growth of these cells was observed at 28°C and 20% concentration of FBS. After cryopreservation, 70%–90% of cells were found to be viable. The cells of all three cell lines were found to be positive to fibronectin and pancytokeratin. PCR amplification of 16S rRNA and COI of O. mossambicus confirmed the origin of these cell lines from O. mossambicus. Heart and gill cell lines were found to be highly susceptible to TiLV and found to be useful for its isolation from infected fish samples. The experimental infection was carried out in O. niloticus and O. mossambicus using the TiLV propagated in susceptible cell lines. The RT‐PCR results revealed the presence of TiLV in brain, gill, liver, kidney, spleen, eye, muscle, intestine and heart of experimentally infected O. niloticus and O. mossambicus.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

In vitro propagation of tilapia lake virus in cell lines developed from Oreochromis mossambicus

Nanthini¹,

Majeed²,

Vimal³

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The disease caused by TiLV was first reported in Israel in 2009, while the virus was first characterized in 2014 [1]. Since then, TiLV infections have been reported from different countries around the world [2][3][4][5]. It is an icosahedral virus made of a trilaminar capsid with a diameter of 55-110 nm, which is morphologically similar to orthomyxoviruses [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tilapia Lake Virus Does Not Hemagglutinate Avian and Piscine Erythrocytes and NH4Cl Does Not Inhibit Viral Replication In Vitro

Chengula

Mutoloki

Evensen

et al. 2019

Viruses

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA (-ssRNA) icosahedral virus classified to be the only member in the family Amnoonviridae. Although TiLV segment-1 shares homology with the influenza C virus PB1 and has four conserved motifs similar to influenza A, B, and C polymerases, it is unknown whether there are other properties shared between TiLV and orthomyxovirus. In the present study, we wanted to determine whether TiLV agglutinated avian and piscine erythrocytes, and whether its replication was inhibited by lysosomotropic agents, such as ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl), as seen for orthomyxoviruses. Our findings showed that influenza virus strain A/Puerto Rico/8 (PR8) was able to hemagglutinate turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L), and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) red blood cells (RBCs), while infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) only agglutinated Atlantic salmon, but not turkey or tilapia, RBCs. In contrast to PR8 and ISAV, TiLV did not agglutinate turkey, Atlantic salmon, or tilapia RBCs. qRT-PCR analysis showed that 30 mM NH 4 Cl, a basic lysosomotropic agent, neither inhibited nor enhanced TiLV replication in E-11 cells. There was no difference in viral quantities in the infected cells with or without NH 4 Cl treatment during virus adsorption or at 1, 2, and 3 h post-infection. Given that hemagglutinin proteins that bind RBCs also serve as ligands that bind host cells during virus entry leading to endocytosis in orthomyxoviruses, the data presented here suggest that TiLV may use mechanisms that are different from orthomyxoviruses for entry and replication in host cells. Therefore, future studies should seek to elucidate the mechanisms used by TiLV for entry into host cells and to determine its mode of replication in infected cells.

show abstract

“…From literature, most of the work done on tilapia fish concerning TiLV had necessitated killing the fish to obtain coelomic organs (Amal et al, 2018;Behera et al, 2018;Mugimba et al, 2018;Senapin, Shyam, Meemetta, Rattanarojpong, & Dong, 2018). The major problem with lethal sampling for health monitoring and surveillance is that it may not be feasible in broodstock screening as a reduction in numbers equates to economic loss to the farmer (Cutrin et al, 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood and liver biopsy for the non‐destructive screening of tilapia lake virus

Chiamkunakorn

Machimbirike

Senapin

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Detection of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) in tilapines is mainly from visceral organs of killed fish. However, lethal sampling might not be viable to broodstock and economically important ornamental cichlids. To contribute towards screening of the virus in asymptomatic infected fish, a subclinically infected population of Nile tilapia adults obtained from a local farm was preliminarily tested to compare different non‐lethal sampling methods, for example liver biopsy, gill biopsy, fin clip, mucus, faeces and blood for detection of TiLV. Only liver and blood samples gave positive results by PCR. Since blood sampling is relatively simpler, it was further used for five naturally co‐cultured juvenile fish species from above‐mentioned farm including 40 red tilapia broodstock and 20 Nile tilapia adults from two other different farms. The results showed that from the tested fish, 4 of 5 Nile tilapia, 2 of 5 hybrid red tilapia and 3 of 5 giant gourami blood samples tested positive, while 38 of 40 blood samples of red tilapia tested positive for TiLV in second‐step PCR. Sequencing representative PCR amplicons of positive samples confirmed sequence identity to TiLV. In conclusion, both blood and liver biopsy are practical non‐destructive sampling platforms for TiLV screening in cichlids with blood being more convenient, especially for tilapia broodstock.

show abstract

Detection of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) infection by PCR in farmed and wild Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from Lake Victoria

Cited by 92 publications

References 31 publications

In vitro propagation of tilapia lake virus in cell lines developed from Oreochromis mossambicus

In vitro propagation of tilapia lake virus in cell lines developed from Oreochromis mossambicus

Tilapia Lake Virus Does Not Hemagglutinate Avian and Piscine Erythrocytes and NH4Cl Does Not Inhibit Viral Replication In Vitro

Blood and liver biopsy for the non‐destructive screening of tilapia lake virus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About