Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the milk of naturally infected ewes

Camossi, Lucilene Granuzzio; Greca-Junior, H.; Corrêa, Ana Paula Ferreira Lopes; Richini-Pereira, Virgínia Bodelão; Silva, R. C.; Silva, A. V. Da; Langoni, Hélio

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.12.007

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The prevalence of T. gondii that was determined in this study (6.5%) was greater than that determined by Fusco et al (2007) in Italy (3.4%) and that determined by Camossi et al (2011) in the Botucatu region, São Paulo State, Brazil (5.03%). Although the results of the Brazilian study are similar to ours, the Botucatu region had a relatively low level (18.6%) of anti-T. gondii antibodies in their tested sheep (Langoni et al, 2011), highlighting the fact that these animals might have been less exposed to the parasite than were those in Bahia.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…In 2009, Jones et al (2009) identified that the consumption of unpasteurized goat's milk posed a risk factor for T. gondii infection in humans. To our knowledge, only two studies have demonstrated the presence of the DNA of the parasite in sheep's milk (Fusco et al, 2007;Camossi et al, 2011). This validates the possibility of tachyzoite ingestion through consumption of in natura milk, which has been frequently observed in rural estates.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Ovine females experience a fall in immunity during pregnancy (Roberts et al, 2001), mainly during their periparturient period, thereby allowing the reactivation of tissue cysts and the release of tachyzoites, which can lead to milk contamination (Camossi et al, 2011). IgG could be detected within 1-2 weeks after infection, with a peak between 1-2 months after infection; the IgGs persist lifelong at levels that decline gradually (Montoya, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in naturally infected sheep’s milk

et al. 2015

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ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to verify whether Toxoplasma gondii is excreted in the milk of naturally infected sheep. In order to accomplish this, 275 lactating ewes were used; these were bred extensively in 17 estates distributed across nine cities. Polymerase chain reaction amplification was used to detect T. gondii DNA in milk samples, and the indirect immunofluorescence test was employed for the detection of anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies in the sera, with a cut-off value of 1:64. It was possible to verify the presence of the parasite DNA in 6.5% (18/275) of the studied animals. Anti-T. gondii antibodies were present in 41.5% of the animals studied (114/275). There was no correlation between parasite excretion in milk and the presence of IgG in 38.9% of the studied animals (7/18). The high seropositivity and the presence of parasite DNA in the milk led to the conclusion that T. gondii infection is present in the sheep population in southern and southwestern Bahia, and that there is a risk of the human population becoming infected due to the consumption of raw, in natura milk.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in naturally infected sheep’s milk

et al. 2015

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“…Physiological decreases in peripartum immunity would seem to lead to the resurgence of T. gondii tachyzoites from tissue cysts. Tachyzoites can then circulate again and be excreted in milk (Camossi et al, 2011). As is well known, the data concerning the excretion of parasitic DNA in milk does not indicate the presence of live forms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further infection can also happen through the ingestion of tachyzoites in milk. Clinical forms of toxoplasmosis in humans have been associated with the consumption of raw goat's milk, although it is considered as a secondary mode of transmission (Camossi et al, 2011). As previously mentioned, the consumption of raw milk products represents a possible risk, particularly for certain categories of people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A preliminary study on the quality and safety of milk in donkeys positive for Toxoplasma gondii

Martini

Altomonte

Mancianti

et al. 2014

Animal

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Toxoplasmosis is one of the five parasitic diseases considered as a priority for public health action. The consumption of raw milk products represents a possible risk, in particular for certain categories of people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of Toxoplasma gondii on milk yield and quality in sero-positive animals with parasitemia. Eighteen healthy lactating Amiata jennies, between 90 and 180 days were included in the study. Four donkeys scored positive for immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), and each IFAT positive donkey presented parasitic DNA both in the blood and milk. No significant differences were found between milk yield in PCR-positive donkeys compared with the negative cases, however the former tended to have a greater production. Milk quality in the positive donkeys showed a significantly lower percentage of casein (0.72% v. 0.81%) and ash (0.32% v. 0.37%). Positive cases had a highly significant larger average diameter of globules (2.35 µm) and fewer globules/ml (2.39 × 10 8 ). Somatic cell and bacterial counts were normal and in agreement with the literature. Toxoplasma gondii did not seem to present clinical forms in lactating jennies. Further in vivo studies are needed to further assess the risk of T. gondii transmission through donkey milk, together with the impact of different stages of infection on milk quality.

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Use of PCR to determine Toxoplasma gondii in milk samples from camels (Camelus dromedarius), cattle (Bos taurus) and buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) in East Azarbaijan province, Iran

Aghdam

Hajipour

Moosavy

2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Toxoplasmosis as a zoonotic condition is developed by an intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii from the Apicomplexa phylum, which imposes economic losses on herds of animals and severe complications in immunocompromised people and pregnant women. This infectious disease can be transmitted to human beings from the contaminated unpasteurized milk, uncooked meat, water and food contaminated with sporulated oocysts and transplacental transmission. Objectives This study amid to determine T. gondii DNA in camel, buffalo and cow milks in using the PCR method based on the B1 gene. Methods A total of 100 milk samples, including 55 cows, 30 buffalos and 15 camels, were collected from different regions of north‐western using direct milking and then transferred to the Food and Aquatic Health Laboratory under refrigerated conditions. Results The results showed that out of 100 milk samples examined, 5 samples (5%) were contaminated, and T. gondii DNA was detected in the milk samples of 2 (3.63%) cows, 1 (3.33%) buffalos and 2 (13.33%) camels, respectively. Conclusions Our findings reveal that raw milk contaminated with T. gondii can be an important route of transmission of infection for human beings.

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Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in the milk of naturally infected ewes

Cited by 53 publications

References 29 publications

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in naturally infected sheep’s milk

Detection of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in naturally infected sheep’s milk

A preliminary study on the quality and safety of milk in donkeys positive for Toxoplasma gondii

Use of PCR to determine Toxoplasma gondii in milk samples from camels (Camelus dromedarius), cattle (Bos taurus) and buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) in East Azarbaijan province, Iran

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